The Research Of Equalization Of Benefit From Basic Public Service:Based On The View Of Inclusive Growth

Non-balanced economic development strategies make the economic growth and the fairness degree of social division appeared deviation. With rapid growth of the Chinese economy, only part of the social members benefit from the growth. Development dutcomes brought by the high-speed growth don’t benefit most of social members, especially the vulnerable groups. In the transitional period of China, with the shortage of driving force on economic growth from investment and export, we must pay more attention to people’s livelihood issues, in order to continue to maintain steady and rapid economic growth and social sustainable development. The most direct reflection of the people’s livelihood issues in the field of public resource configuration is the distribution of basic public services. From the perspective of inclusive growth, this article explores the benefit problem of basic public services, points out that the equalization of benefit is the ultimate goal of the equalization of basic public’services. Taking equalization of benefit as the research object, the research work of this paper mainly includes the following:(1) based on the view of socio economics, this paper analyzes the intension and extension of the basic public services, redefines the connotation of basic public services, also reconstructes the analysis framework of public service theory, and then puts forward the overall direction to realize the equalization of basic public service.(2) this paper points out that the corresponding project of most basic public services are club goods and private goods rather than pure public goods, expounds on the inconsistency between supply and benefit of basic public services through theoretical analysis and empirical test, measures inclusive level of three kinds of basic public services in terms of benefit.(3) starting from the specific strategic goals of inclusive growth, this paper studies the important role played by the equalization of basic public service in the realization of these strategic objectives, points out that there is highly internal fitness between equalization of basic public services and inclusive growth, and the equalization of benefit is the equalization mode which promotes inclusive growth in the field of market and inclusiveness in the field of public resource allocation.(4)this paper studies the problems of basic and comprehensive measure index selection and the construction of a comprehensive evaluation system, analyzes models of inclusive growth related to benefit opportunities of basic public services and makes a brief comment on its advantages and disadvantages and applicability.(5) this paper uses TOPSIS method to measure the overall level of equalization, levels of supply equalization and benefit equalization, points out the gap between areas is reduced during the period of11th five-year plan, but regional differences of these three indicators are still very significant; regional level of benefit equalization is generally below the level of supply equalization, and regional differences in the levels of benefit equalization are greater than the differences in the levels of supply equalization.Based on the above five research results, this paper puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations. Expanding the scope of the benefit and improving the level of benefit are two dimensions of equalization of basic public services. Governments need to increase the quantity supplied of basic public services, and pay more attention to the problem of benefit. Governments also need to make public resources available for all the people by expanding the benefit scope of basic public services. Finally, the paper presents five practical policy proposals:First, to expand the benefit scope of basic public services, gradually cancel the exclusive mechanisms with a symbol of social status, take more vulnerable groups into the benefit scope of basic public services. Specifically, gradually take peasants, migrant workers and other vulnerable groups of informal employment into the benefit scope of compulsory education, basic medical care and public health and social security.Second, to promote social vulnerable groups’benefits from the consumption of basic public services, gradually open the access of basic public services across regions, increase the usage and consumption of high quality public services of vulnerable groups; weaken restriction of benefits of basic public services from the individual income, allow the vulnerable groups with no ability to pay for public services consume or enjoy the basic public services cheaply and freely, improve the fiscal payments and subsidies for their consumption of basic public services.Third, to build a national benefit standard of basic public service. When executing the standard, economic developed areas can be above the minimum standards, but the economic developing areas can not be lower than the national standard.Moreover, to determine beneficial scope of basic public services according to the principle of "cost sharing and revenue sharing". To ensure minimum benefit standards of each social member be consistent while allow cost allocation to be inconsistent. Make great efforts to bring more vulnerable groups into beneficial scope of basic public services. Fourth, to adjust the central government’s and local government’s fiscal expenditure structure, compress unnecessary funds for capital construction investment and "three public consumptions", allocate more fiscal resources into the field of basic public services, make it benefit more social members, and improve the efficiency and social effects of public service resources.Fifth, to increase the general transfer payments from central government to the backward areas and the rural areas. At the same time, build interagency transfer payment system between developed regions and underdeveloped regions, improve the ability in backward area to supply basic public services, strengthen the supervision of transfer payments funds, and raise the efficiency of transfer payment funds.Sixth, to exclude services in excess of the prescribed standards of basic public services enjoyed by administrative units and public institutions, increase services which can meet the social average demand and vulnerable groups’ demand, determine the type, quantity and quality standard of basic public service, improve the average quality level of basic public services, according to the normal social members, especially the vulnerable groups generally needs.