| It is helpful to improve the ability to absorb technology, enhance the effects of S&T aid and narrow the regional disparity through improving the backward areas’ basic research capacity. From the perspective of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, this article investigates the basic research disparity of China’s regions and its trends, the model how to identify the aid objects, and aid patterns. The followings are the major research work and innovation of this article:1. This article systematic analysis the role and significance of basic research and the the theoretical foundation of aid the basic research. At the same time, this paper describes the basic research how to narrow the regional disparty and the main elements of aid mechanism.2. The ability disparty of basic research and its evolution have been studied. From the the perspective of funding agency, taking use the basic research projects obtained by a region as index measuring the ability, this paper measured the ability disparty and its trend using the Gini Coefficient and Theil index model separately. No matter by Gini Coefficient or Theil index model, the ability disparty of basic research decrease constantly. The decomposition of Gini Coefficient explains that the ability disparity of general researcher decrease constantly, but the ability of youth researcher is decreasing but still fluctuating. It explains that some areas remain the problem of the reserve of young talents, lacking of the stable young researcher. According to the decomposition of Theil index, the internal disparities between eastern and middle China is declining, the internal disparities of northeastern China is almost stable. Worth noting is the "increase—to maintain---and then rise" trend of the internal disparities in western China, the disparities are expanding.3. Through the Panel Data model, this paper analyzed the factor which influence the ability of regional basic research. The result shows that the SCI papers, El papers, State Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, R&D personnel and funds possessed by colleges and universities in a region has a significant positive correlation with the regional ability of basic research. From the fixed-effect coefficient of the Panel Data model, the conversion efficiency of source of basci research to the ability is higher at those developed regions such as Beijing, Guangdong, and Shanghai.4. The model of evaluating regions and selecting regongs as aid target was builded. The key problem of aid to underdeveloped regions is what regions should be aided. The resource and ability of basic research was been put forward to evaluate the regions in order to picture the regional status of basic research. At first, the evaluation index system of basic research source and ability index of basic research were established. Then the five grades including better, good, medium, poor, and poorer was classified to describe a region on the basis of source and ability. So the two-dimensional model based on source and ability was builded to evaluate regions and select regongs as aid target.5. The mode od aid basic research was established acoording to the characteristic of the aid regions. This paper builded a trinity model of research project, facilities of research and scientific research networks to aid the backward regions to develop basic research where the research project is the key factor, the facilities is the basis of carring research and network is object to encourage the cooperations among the developed and under-developed regions.6. Finally, based on the operational mode of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, this paper analyzed by the assistance model to support the basic research. For the backward areas. Characteristics of different regions, the implementation of Trinity assistance mode,"project-Facilities-Network", should be different in different regions. |
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