Research On Cooperation Mechanism Of Strategic Alliances Among Enterprises Based On Self-organization Evolution Perspective

During the last decade, the number of strategic alliances has grown rapidly and strategicalliances have been an important means to gain advantages in marketing competitions.However, the cooperation between enterprises alliances always falls into cooperation dilemmabecause of the conflict between individual interests and interests of the other members orcommon interests, which lead to a high speed disintegration. Given the business practicebackground that enterprise strategic alliances have a high speed growth combining with a highfailure rate, it has become urgent and necessary to analyze cooperation among strategicalliances. Even though existing studies such as transaction theory, value chain theory,resource-based theory, social exchange theory and many other theoretical schools have done alot of useful contributions to the research based on different aspects, there are still quite a lot ofshortcomings:1) Can’t fit the strategic alliances dynamics and procedural well;2) Thestudy,exploring dynamic evolution of strategic alliances that combining the micro level ofindividual enterprises with the macro level of strategic alliances groups, is rare fresh.Enterprise strategic alliances can be seen as a complex adaptive system, in which a lot ofenterprises learn and gain experience from the game and then change their behavior to adapt tothe environment so as to reach alliances objectives. Therefore, based on self-organizingevolutionary perspective, this paper constructs theoretical approaches analytical framework ofenterprise strategic alliances, by combining micro enterprise individual behavior with macroalliances group behavior and using complex adaptive systems theory, multi-agent modelingsimulation methods, evolutionary game theory and methods. It takes partner selection, strategyselection of cooperation, punitive co-regulatory mechanisms and structure evolutioncharacteristics of cooperative as research object, then systematically studies the dynamicprocesses which are behind different cooperation situations, root causes，the feasibility andspecific ways to break cooperation dilemma, all of these have important theoretical innovationand application guiding value. It completes following tasks:(1) It studies partner selection strategy of strategic alliances among enterprises, andconstructs the self-organization model of partner selection of strategic alliances amongenterprises by analyzing how leader enterprise choose partner in the productive strategicalliances. It designs interaction strategy mechanism of a simulation model, and conductsfitness optimization search of partner through the embedded evolutionary genetic algorithm.The simulation examples verify the model’s applicability and validity and heresults provide scientific decision basis for choosing partners quickly and effectively.(2) The studies of cooperation strategy selection of strategic alliances among enterprisesinclude that:1) Based on the cooperation benefits distribution in strategic alliances, the studiesconstruct a cooperation benefits distribution game model. Divided into one-time andrepetitive cooperative situations, the studies carry on the self-organization evolution analysis,focusing on the influence of the different trigger strategies enterprises choose on benefitsdistribution mechanism and its reasons in the repeated cooperation when considering the valuetime of the interest. Numerical simulation analysis verifies that the six conclusions can guide tosign more reasonable alliances interest distribution agreements.2) It further expands theresearch background to the external environment of enterprises strategic alliances, discusses theinfluence of the market integrity factors on strategy selection of enterprises strategic alliances,builds the random matching game model among enterprises of the strategic alliances ofdifferent integrity forms. In view of many cooperation situations suitably described bythe hawk-dove game and stag game, it expands the study to the strategy selection inclassic prisoner’s dilemma. By comparing the six kinds of strategies, the studies analyze theself-organizing evolution process of different cooperation situations under different forms ofintegrity respectively and specifically.The simulation results provide the strategy choice basisfor strategic alliances in response to the external market environment.(3) The studies of the punitive specification cooperation mechanism of strategic alliancesamong enterprises include that:1) It builds the strategic alliances cooperation game modelbetween two enterprises with punishment constraints. Through a specific analysis of thestability process of the behavior strategy evolution between enterprises in different cooperationsituations, the important role different penalties play in promoting strategic alliances in theprocess of self-organization evolution has been further discussed. The results of numericalsimulation verify that the conclusions can provide quantifiable punishment implementationreference basis to help sign enterprises strategic alliances agreement smoothly.2) It furtherexpands the research background to the large-scale strategic alliances group, thinking about thetwo cooperation specification mechanism in the alliances that can enhance the ability to punish:specification of internalization and specific investment. It deeply analyzes the impactmechanism of the two mechanisms on altruistic punishment behavior evolution byconstructing a strategic alliances public goods game model with altruistic punishment. Themodel analysis and simulation results both show that they indeed can enhance the ability topunish, which play an important role in the process of the self-organizing evolution of promoting strategic alliances.(4) It studies the formation mechanism in spatial cooperation structure of strategic alliancesamong enterprises, and constructs the strategic alliances space cooperation game model ofcompetition and cooperation between enterprises,by analyzing the process of self-organizationcollaboration motion which gathers in spatial structure of cluster strategic alliances.Itdesigns the mechanism of simulation model,deeply analyzes the relationship and its formationmechanism in spatial structure of self-organization collaboration behavior of cluster strategicalliances,and the following four factors—the non-partners’ temptation benefits,enterprise partners’ density,enterprise neighborhood structure and enterprise spatial density.Theconclusions of the studies provide valuable suggestions for the business decision managers on themarket level and policy makers on the government level.