| Sports science has developed into an independent discipline system since the20th century, and its research fields cover natural sciences, humanities, and social sciences. The first international sports academic organization---International Federation of Physical Education was established in1923, hereafter, varieties of organizations and institutions appeared which include sports medicine, sports biomechanics, sports psychology and sports sociology, etc. In1958, China has also set up its first sports science research institution---Beijing Institute of Sports Science, subsequently provincial and municipal ones have been established. The mature disciplines and developing scientific research institutions have laid a solid foundation for sports science research. In early2003, the People’s University of China procured the large-scale research project of the International Olympic Committee through an open tender which is called Olympic Games Impact (OGI). Such important project should be in charge of the sports science research institution instead of the non-sports research units. We have to re-think and ask what the capacity of sports science research is.On the other hand, after experiencing highly differentiated development, science moved forward to a wide-ranging and comprehensive direction. Interdisciplinary has become the current trend of the discipline development, while the interdisciplinary research is proved to be an important way of research and innovation. However, the current sports science research in China is still in the low levels of "the transplant type", and there are few interdisciplinary interactions, let alone the genuine interdisciplinary research.By use of literature, questionnaire, mathematical statistics, content analysis, analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy evaluation methods, this paper explores the interdisciplinary research and innovation capacity of sports science, and expand the substantive analysis from the perspective of interdisciplinary research. First, understanding and awareness of the concepts of interdisciplinary research and innovation capacity; Second, analyzing the occurrence mode of scientific research and the disciplines property of sports science, applying interdisciplinary theoretical analysis on some sports disciplines, and taking empirical research on our current sports research status; thirdly, analyzing the interdisciplinary research’s promotion on research capacity of sports science from the interaction between interdisciplinary and research innovation, then, building a sports research innovation system, and analyzing seven institutions’ sports research and innovation capacity empirically; Finally, proposing strategies on how to promote the sports research and innovation capacity of China.Conclusions:1. Sports science is a comprehensive discipline, which determines it is a certain depth "discipline interactive research". The interdisciplinary research is the internal demand for sports science development, should be as a theoretical support and guidance for action of sports research and innovation.2. China has not formed a united understanding of the interdisciplinary study of sports science, and there are deficiencies on the study and use of the interdisciplinary. The practice of interdisciplinary research on sports science is too undeveloped for the rich theory, which is mainly about concepts, theories and methods by the way of "transplant", but it is still in a low level.3. Sports science problems are interdisciplinary property, and its research need to center in the problem. So sports science should absorb and integrate the theories, methods, and talents of different disciplines, gather research forces of different areas to the field of sports science. Taking problem with comprehensive eyes would produce coordinate effect, upgrade the innovation capacity of sports research and promote the development of sports science.4. The complexity of sports problem leads to the fact that innovation capacity of sports research has multi-level complexity in structure and relationship. This paper constructs an index system of sports research’s innovation capacity from three aspects of investment, performance and output. The index system evaluates the influencing factors of innovation capacity of sports research from manpower, material, organization, policy, environment, and knowledge, and it is practical and of important directive significance in assessment of innovation capability of sports research in a certain area or a unit. The index system can guide the development of China’s sports science and promote the innovation capacity of sports research. 5. As the tool of guiding sports science, interdisciplinary research can allocate resources according to the requirements of scientific issues, create the necessary material foundation and good environment for sports science research. Through talent training of interdisciplinary, we need actively cultivate the way of thinking of the "big science" and concept of the "big sports" that matches with modern scientific development, explore valuable scientific problem in sports practice, and guide the innovation capacity construction of multidisciplinary cooperation.6. On the premise of emphasis on interdisciplinary study and reference of sports science, we should trace the trail of interactive development and find out the interdisciplinarity of sports science and other disciplines, in order to create our own discipline theories and research methods, share and integrate research resources of different disciplines, provide historical reference, build a harmonious and inseparable ecological relationship, and serve better contemporary sports research and innovation. |
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