Autumn Big Change Research System: From Kin To Geopolitics

This article will exploit the systems of administrative divisions, land, arms, and education of the Spring and Autumn Period.The first part of the essay is an introduction, which, firstly, presents the significance of the theme of the essay. Then, the achievements belonging to the old scholars are summarized. Thirdly, the purpose and the method of research are briefly introduced. Finally, the factors causing the cultural change of the Spring and Autumn Period and The Warring States are discussed, indicating that varied elements have been involved in the change and the basis of thoughts are analyzed. Compared with the theocracy of the Shang and Zhou dynasties, the position of the people in the universe was raised, and they recognized the value of they own.The second part mainly studies the change of the system of the administrative divisions in the period of the Spring and Autumn Period and The Warring States. Firstly, it analyzes what caused the great change in system is to make the country strong and arms advanced, which must be the most important reason. To reach the goal to make the country strong and the military advanced, above all, the power of the government should be strengthened, so some counties and prefectures belonging to the government appeared, which gradually led to the administrative system of the county township, which the systems of land and military were based on and changed. In order to achieve the management of people from the clan organization, the main grass-roots organizations of the system to the village were widely established.The third part focuses on land Institution of the Spring and Autumn. Western Zhou Dynasty performed a clan land ownership, which had a close relationship with the patriarchal enfeoffment of Western Zhou. The collective labor and collective possession, property for families and different management style of the country and wild were implemented. From the late Western Zhou Dynasty, the land system changed, with land exchange, lease and other phenomena rising. After the annexation of land in the Spring and Autumn Period, all the countries carried out a field system and tax reform. So the national differences gradually disappeared, which led to the formation of a transitional form of the aristocratic land ownership to the Warring States into state ownership. Reforms in land of the Spring and Autumn led to national differences gradually disappearing and the Warring States Period began to perform the universal conscription. Based on manpower and geopolitical relations, the supplies to soldiers were linked to the land. The individual people of the Western Zhou and the Spring and Autumn countries had no direct relationship with the central government. Instead, the clan shouldered the responsibility. Then, in the Warring States period, the country directly asked the people to impose military Fu. Cars were prepared by individuals in the Spring and Autumn. By the Warring States, they were provided by the Government. The wars of Spring and Autumn Period were hegemony wars, with also hegemony in the merger, but wars changed into a merger war in the Warring States.The fifth part is the main research of the transformation of the education system in the Spring and Autumn. The education of the Western Zhou Dynasty was to learn in the government and served for the government. The schools of Western Zhou could be divided into two distinct periods, which were schools and universities. Primary school teachers were called Paul and the history staff officials were faculty division-level officials. The military commanders were also the official music teachers, then officials. Civil and military were not regarded differently, so the history categories officials could also engage in university education. Educational content was different in schools and universities. In the Spring and Autumn Period, the education of the official began to decline and the private education came into being. After the First Emperor of Qin unified the country, Li Si suggested "Officials as Teachers" and restored the model "official" education of the Western Zhou and the Spring and Autumn period.