Chinese Proper Name System And The Hierarchy Distribution In Lexical System

The quantity of proper names is very huge in the language. Proper name is aspecial category in the Chinese lexical system. The research objects of this thesis areModern Chinese proper names. Under the guidance of system theory, this thesisintends to construct and describe the Chinese proper name system. On the basis ofthis study, we further analyze and recapitulate the meaning and usage of the propernames. At the same time, we try to build the hierarchy of the Chinese proper names.In the lexis of one language, proper names are on the opposite of common names.We can research the difference of them from multiple angles. If we stand on the lexics,the essential difference is whether it has special referential meaning. After definingthe object of study, this thesis expounds and analyzes the panorama of the Chineseproper name system.According to our research, we find that proper names are orderly in the lexicalsystem. The proper name system concludes two language components. One is propernoun, the other is proper phrase. Further analysis of the proper name system’s internal,its classification is also has hierarchy. According to the standard that whether a propername has life, we first design all proper names into life proper name and non-lifeproper name. The scientific nature of this classification is that two categories cover allthe proper names. These two categories of proper names have their own smallclassifications. Life proper name includes personal name, net name, animal name,fairy-ghost name and so on. The classification of non-life proper name is morecomplicated. The fist level classification is natural proper name and social propername.The naming of proper name is not a simple process of using names referring tothings. Different proper names have different requirements in the process of naming.The principles of naming about proper name are necessity principle, differenceprinciple, popular principle and aesthetic principle. The nomenclatures of propername include implication nomenclature, homophonic nomenclature, proper namechanging-over nomenclature and number nomenclature. A proper name is a kind of linguistic phenomenon, and it is also a commonsocial phenomenon in the human society. The attribute of social culture about propername includes nationality, locality and times.On the basis of analyzing the meaning of proper names, this research completedthe construction of Chinese proper name hierarchy. The saliency theory of propernames is one theory of our analysis. The others are metaphoric mechanism andmetonymic mechanism on commonization of proper names. According to thedistance from common names, the proper name system can be divided into basic levelof proper name, middle level proper name and expended level proper name. If aproper name has only one proper meaning, it is farthest from common name. So it isin the basic level of proper name. The essential characteristics of level proper nameare unitary meaning, uniqueness of the alleged and naming homoplasy. If a propername has common meaning besides proper meaning, it is closer from common name.It becomes one of the middle level proper name. The essential characteristics ofmiddle level proper name include the duality of meaning and the separate referring.The proper names that are in the outermost of proper name system are the nearestfrom common names. They transform from common name. The prominentcharacteristics of expanded level proper name are the rationality of meaning andmultiplicity of structure. Otherwise, the scope and the using of each level are differentfrom each other.The proper names which are in the dictionary reflect the intersectionalrelationship between lexics and lexicology. This thesis tries to classify the propername dictionary，and then, generalizes the complexion of comprehensive dictionaryand language dictionary. At last, we endeavor to account and analyze the propernames in the Modern Chinese Dictionary (Fifth Edition). According the study, thereare some problems in this dictionary. Based on it, we can get a comprehensive andprofound cognition about the canonical language dictionary.