| Cardio-vascular disease (CVD) has became the first cause of death and one of the serious worldwide public health problem, is also a great threat to the residents’health and social development of our country in recent years. So, exploring the risk factors, occurrence, deterioration and reducing morbidity and mortality of the CVD are the mutual interesting topic in medicine and related interdisciplinary filed in the21st century. A large number of studies have shown that the cold air activity is not only one of the causes of CVD, but also the main inducing cause of CVD acute attacks. With the global climate changes, the cold air affected area is expanding, the frequency of air activities is increasing, and the influence on the health of human been is aggravating, meanwhile, people have adapted to the warm winter and have weak adaptability to cold, the cold air activities will cause more serious hazards and influences to human. According to the reasons above, researching the relationship between cold air activities and CVD, will help to better predict and prevent of occurrence, development and accident of CVD in advance. However, the recent researches on the effects which cold air activities led to CVD were mostly based on the analysis of patients’epidemiological data, It has not been reported or rarely to detect the sensitive indicators of CVD, lacking of quantitative analyze of the effects, effective degree, and the influence mechanism of air condition related CVD as well the dramatic changes of main meteorological factors. For this purpose, two aspects research were carried out below:(1) The city of Zhangye of Gansu province was chosen as a good air quality but more likely affected area by cold air, then the Sensitive indicators associated closely with VCD, such as blood lipid, CA, Mb, cTn I, ET-1, hemorheology were detected before, during and after the cold air transit respectively.(2) The parallel test cold air process as the population was simulated in artificial climate box, and the variation of hart rate, Systolic pressure, diastolic blood pressure, blood lipid, CA, Mb, cTn I and ET-1of the Wistar rats and SHR rats were detected as the same as the crowd, from the data above, to analysis of the influence of cold air activity on CVD sensitive index and explore the possible mechanisms of occurrence, development and dead end, This will provide the basis for prevention, treatment and medical meteorological prediction on CVD care. The main results as follows: 1. Results of field trial30cases and40controls were bring into the research according to the experimental demand, and tow groups had no significant difference (P>0.05) in gender and age.(1) Blood lipid test resultsSeven items of blood lipid index of Cases and controls had no significant difference during the whole cold air process. And TC and LDL-C continue to rise and HDL-C to decline in the process of cold air activity. TC in the control group continue to rise and LDL and HDL-C lift in the cold air activity then fall after cold air activity. And the changes had no significant difference (P>0.05).(2) Results of CAThe DA of cases and controls had notable changes before, during and after the cold air activity, statistics test had significant difference (P<0.05) while NE and AD had not. In the whole process, DA level continued to decline, NE and AD kept a trend of rising, while the control group of three indicators is elevated during the activity and reduction after the cold air activity.(3) Results of Mb, cTnI and ET-1The Mb, cTnI and ET-1of cases group and the Mb and ET-1of control group had notable changes (P<0.05) before, during and after the cold air activity; Mb and cTnI of case group and the control group continued to rise in the process of cold air transit and the ET-1rise first and then decline to a low level even low than before.(4) Results of hemorheologyDuring the cold air activity, the Whole Blood Viscosity (low, middle shear rate), Whole Blood Deoxidize Viscosity (low shear rate), Assembling Index (AI) and Rigidity index (RI) levels of cases and controls increased significantly (P<0.05), and the Whole Blood Deoxidize Viscosity High shear rate (WBDV-H) and Electrophoresis Index (El) raised and the same time..2. The results of animal experimentalAccording with the requirements for the ethics of animal experiments, based on the basis of field trail studies, kept the change tendency after lifting12.1℃as animal experiments simulated meteorological conditions.(1) Test results of the heart rate and blood pressureDuring the simulation, the heart rate of SHR and Wistar rats increased when the temperature drop down, and then slowed down with the temperature gradually returned to normal. The blood pressure of Wistar rats groups kept rising, but no significant difference compared with basic values, and the blood pressure of SHR rats groups speed up first then slow down, there were significant differences (P<0.05). (2) Blood lipid test resultsThere were significant differences (P<0.05) between TG of A, B, C of Wistar rat group, and the TG of group C was lower than that in group A and group B (P<0.05), The HDL and LDL-C of SHR rats in group B was significantly higher in group A and group C (P<0.05); in the Experiments, TC, TG and HDL-C of Wistar rats kept a trend of decrease, while the LDL-C increase when the temperature reduce and decrease after the drop, The TC, HDL-C and LDL-C of SHR rats rised when temperature cooling down and then declined, TG continued to. cooling down, after SHR rats TC, HDL and LDL-C-C rise when cooling, cooling down, after, TG continued to decline.(3) Results of CADA level in A, B and C groups of Wistar rats and SHR rats had significant difference (P<0.05) during the experiment; DA, NE and AD of Wistar rats were elevated in temperature cooling down and dropped down later, however, the temperature were higher than cooling before. The DA of SHR rats lowered when cooling and raise after cooling, and the NE and AD continued to decline.(4) Results of Mb, cTnl and ET-1cTnl and ET-1in A, B and C groups of Wistar rats and ET-1in A, B and C groups of SHR rats had the significant difference (P<0.05) during the whole simulation process. Mb, cTnl and ET-1of Wistar rats kept continue to rise and Mb, cTnl and ET-1of SHR rats declined when cooling and raise when the temperature picked up during the whole simulation process, but Mb and ET-1were still lower than before.3. Conclusions(1) The cold air activities have the influence on sensitive indexes of CVD in health people and patients, and have the more effect on CVD patients than healthy people.(2) Cold air meteorological factors is not only one of the direct causes to CVD, but also as a kind of cause leading to unbalance secretion and metabolism of secretion in the body which lead to CVD occurrence, development and the death.(3) According to the experimental results of the animal and the crowd, DA and ET-1levels in the crowd and animals all changed significantly and had the same change trend, Suggests that the special weather conditions which made by the cold air will have a significant impact on DA and ET llevel。(4) The same index had the different change trend in two kinds of experiments, this imply us that the results of the animal experiments could not be directly extrapolated to humans.(5) By the analysis of trend and degree changes of the index, A preliminary judgment of the mechanism we had got were the emergency response of adrenal medulla and vascular endothelin system.(6) The same index had some different change trend in two kinds of experiments, this imply us that the results of the animal experiments could not be directly extrapolated to humans. |
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