| With the rapidly deteriorating ecologic environment and people, the increasingunderstanding of the importance of ecologic environment, ecologic environment protection hasdrawn great attention of governments. Long-term comprehensive ecologic monitoring is moreimportant for protection and management of natural resources. Forest is more importantcomponent of terrestrial ecosystems provide ecologic services. People have gradually shiftedfrom the requirements of forest products to the ecologic service. Forest’s resourcesinvestigation cannot meet the needs of people to evaluate forest ecologic benefit.This paperpresents the framework of long-term forest ecosystem observation station layout positioningsystem, carries out the study of forest ecology network layout from national scales, provincialscale and grain for green project, and comparative analysis of different scales and types offorest ecological network layout. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) This paper describes the characters, proposed the stations’ layout principles. On thebasis, This paper proposed the methods and procedures of the station layout system. Thesemethods includestratified sampling method, spatial overlay analysis, geostatistics method,combine area index and mean of surface with non-homogeneity.(2) This paper contrast from the background and purpose of zoning, principles, indicatorsand results of four aspects of the system analyzes the typical ecological regionalization inChina. Forest ecologic inventory network is the plantform of forest ecologic inventory. Typicalsampling is guiding ideology of the construction of forest ecologic inventory network, andecologic regionalization is the way to realize the typical sampling. The background andpurpose, principles, index, and results of China’s typical ecologic regionalization were contrastto, choose Chinese ecologic geographical region system of moisture and temperature indexcombined with China’s forest partitions (1998) to build Chinese’s forest ecologic traditional ecologic geographical area. And consider the key ecologic function and biodiversity to builtnetwork.(3) This paper designs Chinese’s forest ecologic network at national scale. The wholecountry was classified into147ecologic units (eco-units), and a total of190forest eco-stationswas designed to comprise the Chinese network of forest ecologic network.88foresteco-stations have been established and102forest eco-stations are planned. The result showedthat monitoring forest area, important ecologic function zone area and biodiversityconservation priority zone area accuracy of the network were as high as89.29%,72.98%and62.87%respectively.12urban forest eco-stations are planned by city grade, population, GDPand pollution grade.2urban forest eco-stations have been established. The networkinvestigated Chinese’s forestry ecologic elements, and provided data for ecologic envirionmentconstruction and decision-making of political and diplomacy.(4) This paper designs forest ecologic inventory network at the provincial scale in Hubeiprovince. Firstly, this paper established the main network planning index system includingtemperature, vegetation, terrain and ecological function zones’ indexes, and adopted sphericalmodel for ordinary krigging interpolation based on ArcGIS software. Interconnecting withspatial overlay analysis of GIS, Hubei forest ecosystem observation research network was built.In this network, Hubei province was divided into21partitions and21forest eco-stations wereconstructed, and17forest eco-stations were planning and4forests ecological stations wereestablished. Secondly, spatial analysis of this network was implemented from monitoring scope,station density and decision application.(5) In order to quantitatively assess ecologic benefits of grain to green program, China’sgrain to green program ecologic inventory monitoring network was built by China’s forestryzone, grain to green zone, forest ecology station and DEM data interconnecting with spatialanalysis of GIS firstly. The network included148grain to green ecologic monitoring zones and166ecological stations, and68ecologic stations were established and98ecologic stationswere planning. Secondly, accuracy assessment of this network was done based on county-level data of grain to green program, and the total accuracy was97.96%. The main focuses ofdifferent ecologic benefits monitoring of grain to green program were pointed out. The networkcan implement forest ecological inventory in China grain to green area, and provides data anddecision support analysis basis for grain to green project ecosystem service.(6) This paper analysis the3network from the same type of different scales and the samescale of different types. All networks follow “Planning, then implementingâ€. The whole layoutresearch was completed by GIS spacial analysis tools under the direction of typical samplingthough. Chinese ecologic network mainly focus on the major ecologic problems of long-termobservation and integrated research, aiming at the ecologic environment construction andprotection, and providing the decision-making basis for diplomacy. Provincial scale of networkis for forest health, major ecologic projects and ecological benefit evaluation in the provincialscale and it is refined to the national scale. China grain to green program ecologic network isdifferent from Chinese ecologic network in layout index, layout methods, results and networkmonitoring content. China grain to greenstation which is in the same region with Chineseecologic inventory station could be auxiliary observation station.(7) This paper presents the layout of forest ecologic network and methods, complete thenetwork from the national scale, provincial scale and grain to green project, provide data forforest management decision, forest service and major ecologic engineering. This research inthe process of construction of forest ecologic traditional network is insufficient, such aseconomic forests and crops are mixed in some regions. China grain to green program lacks themap of space distribution, which can be evaluated according to the result of administrativedivisions of the layout. Although the network has deficiencies in planning, national, provincialscale and grain to green ecological inventory network can be in different scales for effectivemonitoring of different types of forest ecosystem. |
