Research On Methods Of Pedestrian Traffic Condition Evaluation And Emergency Evacuation At Large Public Venues

The continuous economic growth and the accelerating urbanization in Chinabrought about a transparent change of city transportation system. Travel frequencyand travel time increased. Most cities in the country witnessed a growing populationand density.Previous studies had dealt considerably on issues of automobile transportationwhile neglected the problems created by pedestrians. However, the number ofpedestrians was not fewer just because of more automobiles on road. This years, largepublic venues such as arenas, cinemas and assembly centers were emerging andbecame concentrations of participants for concert, football match and book signingand others. The monitoring, management and evacuation of this population hasbecome an academic hotspot. Similar to rush hour congestions of vehicles,pedestrians were also worth of critical consideration for safety in public spaces suchas shopping malls, zebra crossings, subways, railway and light rail stations.This paper is a redesign of on-line assessment which is aimed at meeting certainrequirements for the pedestrian flow at the sites of specific public areas. Previousstudies of intelligent transport system and thoughts and theories were employed. Validparameter data of a densely populated area of Beijing was examined as a model forpedestrian evacuation and danger preventives. The paper engaged following aspects.1) Parameters pertinent to pedestrian flow, density and regional distributionwere collected to probe pedestrian traffic features. After that, in reference withstability variance of pedestrian time series, three typical features of pedestrian flowwere defined, i.e. the long-term tendency, short-term trend and randomized volatility.To suit specific requirements variable to the environment, categorization of the statusquo is necessarily to make in accordance with different presumptions. For sustainableprogress, the modes of normality and travelling were designated. As far as transportefficiency is concerned, two modes of smoothness and congestion were also set up.2) Pedestrian traffic data preprocessing. In order to improve the state ofpedestrian traffic input data quality level of the online evaluation system, combiningthe pedestrian traffic time series data change rules and characteristics, design the lostdata in order to identify and repair method, error data identification and repair method,time series smoothing method and large time scale synthesis method.3) In use of support vector machine, or SVM, an automatic calculation ofpedestrian incidents was designed. After that, an abrupt change index mechanism wasconstructed and a classification of pedestrian activity was sought after. Therefore analarm mechanism was designed including an incessant checking system and onebased on probability estimate. 4) Pedestrian traffic congestion state short-term forecast method research. Inorder to provide reliable data for the pedestrian traffic congestion state warning,mainly studies the pedestrian traffic data multi-step prediction method, which isdivided into three schemes, namely the multi-step prediction, long-term trend,short-term current multi-step prediction as well as the two combined forecastingmethod. Then, design the pedestrian traffic congestion state of early warningmechanism.5) Pedestrian traffic emergency evacuation method research. Pedestrian trafficevents or pedestrian traffic is very easy to form a crowd gathered, at this point, thecrowd there exist great risk factors. If let developments, or if other events occur, suchas a pedestrian collisions, pushing, shoving down, it’s easy to form serious pedestriansafety accident, resulting in casualties and property losses. Therefore, scientificpedestrian traffic emergency evacuation mechanism can guide the pedestrian quicklyleave the site, or avoid blindly into the area, traffic events or pedestrian trafficinfluence quickly narrowed down, eventually to be able to properly solve. By buildinga pedestrian safety evacuation standard, the factors influencing the pedestrianevacuation, and fully consider the characteristics of pedestrian traffic emergencyevacuation of all kinds of large-scale public places, the pedestrian traffic emergencyevacuation model was established, on the basis of the traffic incident or pedestriantraffic congestion situation, to ensure the safety of pedestrian traffic.