| "The state is the key to economic growth, but at the same time, the state is the root of economic recession", this is the famous "state paradox" pointed out by Institutional economists. The World Bank warned of the developing countries in the report:"if there is no effective government, the economic and social development is not possible. Effective government--not the small government--is the key of economic and social development." China is the largest developing country in the world and she is confronted with the dual task of economic transition:one is the economic system transformation from planned economy to market economy, to establish a market mechanism and price of supply and demand in the market allocation of resources system; two is The stage of the development from traditional society to modern society, from agricultural society to industrial society, from closed society to open society, the social change and evolution. That is the realization of China’s market economy, modernization and internationalization (also known as globalization) transformation. The core of this inside--the most essential is that the economic operation mechanism, including the relationship between government, market and enterprise. We can say, the relationship between government, market and enterprise is not only related to the economic growth pattern, also determines the economic system reform and the transition process. Moreover, under the background of globalization, the competition between countries has comparative advantages from the competition to the competition of government regulation.China has long been the implementation of the government leading economy development pattern, the government holds a lot of power, control a large number of resources especially the key economic resources allocation. The development of government transformation is not only the national and social management, implementation or economic growth leader, macroeconomic regulation and control, but also to cultivate the market mechanism, the multiple roles of the government in the country’s political, economic, social aspects of its decision to become the main body of the microscopic economic activities--the most important environmental factors of enterprises, has become the most important stakeholders. Therefore, how to deal with the government, how to deal with the relationship between the government and became a problem and challenge the most important business, the rise of corporate political behavior is the direct reaction of the most important environmental uncertainty. Our country is a focus on the "relationship" of human society, the relationship between enterprises and government is more closely. A growing body of research suggests, government-enterprise relationship affects the enterprise performance and the government’s record in the very great degree.Although the government intervention plays an important role in economic growth and enterprise development, but in fact the government "visible hand" is not always "helping hand", also has the possibility is the "useless", or even "grabbing hand". The enterprise is not a passive recipient of the hands of the government, also has the possibility is the influence of the visible hand, there may even be dominant in the visible hand and the pusher. Therefore the interactive relation between the government and enterprises often determines the national economic operation mechanism and mode of economic development, become the core of national development system, has long been one of the central topics in China’s economic and social life. In recent years, especially in2008, the world financial crisis, processing enterprises around the state’s role and huge profits, the development environment of private enterprises especially the protection of property rights, market access and financial problems, social have many differences and disputes.A legal case between private enterprises and government have occurred frequently such as Lan Shili case, the Wu Ying case, letting the relationship between government and enterprises become the focus of the topic. Relationship between the enterprise and the government should stay out of? How Hand of the government becomes a "helping hand" instead of "useless", the "grabbing hand"? The so-called "there is a policy, there is countermeasure". Corporate political action is the direct reaction and strategy of government intervention in the hand, from this perspective to regulate the relationship between government and enterprises and healthy development of national economy, the market order stabilization and economic transformation of the smooth realization of course is of great significance.In this dissertation, through the government intervention theory and the political relevance theory of the overall firm, starting from the unique perspective of corporate political behavior, the integrated use of literature research, comparative research and logical deduction method, case analysis, sample survey method and other methods on the relationship between government and enterprises in our country during the transitional period of problem are studied. Mainly four aspects of the problem are discusses:The first is to study the interaction mechanism between government and enterprises. The interaction mechanism between government and enterprises is derived through review, comb, evaluation and integration of the related theory on relationship between government and enterprises at home and abroad, especially the government intervention and corporate political connection theory. The government is the key force to decide the survival and development of enterprises, for enterprises, government hands may be "helping hand" may also be "useless" hand or even contrary to the "grabbing hand". Enterprises to carry out political behavior is the powerful influence of the "visible hand" based on the enterprise attempts to draw on the advantages and avoid disadvantages, positive political behavior, access to "the relationship rents". Notable is, corporate political behavior may also bring about negative effects,"the relationship rents" could become "relationship of trap".The second is the study of the unique relationship between our government and enterprise development. China is a country is in the economic and social transformation of the developing countries in the process of double, choose a dominated by strong government model of mixed economy, coupled with the profound and unique historical and cultural traditions, Chinese government-enterprise relations is a profound Chinese characteristics. Different with the western developed countries, the relationship between our government and enterprises is more closely, because our "developmentalism" determines the development of government leading mode of economic development. Political centralization economic decentralization system led to the local government "GDP championship" makes the government, especially local government, on the willingness and capacity to greatly enhance the control intervention. The local government "political preference" and strong ability to intervene with "relationship standard" the tradition of social culture, China’s corporate political behavior and the West has a very different place, different channels and ways of political association, recessive and improper behavior.The third is the empirical study of political behavior of China’s enterprise performance and legitimacy. The government intervention in enterprise besides "power rent-seeking" impulse, mostly in order to achieve economic growth, and the motivation of corporate political action is the most important development opportunity to obtain the legal protection of property rights mechanism and provided by the government and preferential. But the empirical analysis shows, the Chinese government "grabbing hand" tendency is increasingly obvious, officials rent-seeking space. The political behavior of enterprises is still in a low level, unspoken rule and illegitimate political behavior is very common, which will lead to economic efficiency loss and the loss of social welfare, relations between the government and the enterprises urgently need to change and regulate.The fourth is the research of Countermeasures of government-enterprise relationship transformation in china. Relationship between government and enterprise transformation is an all-around system reform. First of all, the government should change from production type to public service, governments of developing countries also need to take the cultivation and development of the market mechanism to realize the "market promotion", the government must maintain "neutral" and "encompassing", in order to maintain the transcendence, public thus needs to rebuild its public policy, realize the "good treatment". Enterprises should also from lower money optimistic enjoyment out of modern wealth, establish the "create, share, responsibility" concept, to regain commercial civilization. At the same time, enterprises should also keep the rational development, to maintain the autonomy of enterprises, prevent the accused. The enterprise should find the "equilibrium" between the benefits and costs of building a political association, avoid the political behavior of blind, a full range of legal risk prevention, and actively carry out "corporate citizenship" responsibilities, to promote government reform and social progress.The government and enterprises should be their own positions become equal autonomy, mutual relationship between by game is based on the rule of law the rules of the game, at the same time should improve the public third party supervision mechanism, in order to avoid the "captured" enterprises, government "controlled" and "government-enterprise collusion" fate, so as to realize the enterprise benign social interaction and win-win. |
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