The Research Of Chinese Public Services’ Equalization

My doctoral dissertation discussed the public services equalization from thefollowing four aspects and got some useful conclusions.First, the paper analyzed the public services equalization from the theoreticeaspect. In the part of the theory analysis, it firstly discussed the definition of the publicservices equalization and put forward the view of the narrow narrow-sense publicservices which include such services as basic education,health and medicine, socialsecurity which are directly related with the demanders but the government is lack ofinner drive power to offer. Based on this definition, the paper discussed the necessity,realization mode and basic contents of the public services equalization. Secondly, thepaper applied welfare economics theory to demonstrate that which is an importantguidance to the reality of the goal and route of the public services equalization. Thirdly,this paper uses public finance theory to analyze the capital source of the public servicesequalization and the theoretical base of the realization mechanism of the public servicesequalization. Fouthly, it use the supply-demand theoy to analyze the public servicesequalization mainly from the following views: demonstrating the possibility of thesuppliers diversity, analyzing the influencing factors of the public services equalizationand introducing the stock and flow concept to evaluate the public services equalization.Second, the paper made international comparison analysis to the public servicesequalization. On the one hand, it compared the experience of the public servicesequalization in the developed countries such as America, Australia, England, Germany,Canada, Japan, Korea and Taiwan region China. On the other hand, from theinternational comparative aspect, the paper analyzed the insufficiency supply of theeducation, social security andhealth and medicine, and the equalization extent of thepublic services not only between the town and country but also among the east, middleand western region. Then, on the base of the above analysis, the paper discuss thepossibility of the use of the international experience from the aspects of constructinglegal system, distributing financial power and routine power, transfer payment andsupervising and management.Third, the paper made the practical analysis of the public services equalizationfrom the following two aspects. One is the evaluation analysis which applies thecoefficient of variation and comprehensive evalution methods to measure theequalization degree of public services. The results show that the equalization degree ofthe flow effects of public services is higher than the stock effects, the basic education is lower than the social security and health and medicine according to the flowmeasurement, the social security is lower than the basic education and health andmedicine according to the stock measurement, the east area is lower than the middle andwest area according to the regional comparision.The other is the influence factors analysis which is depended on the evaluationresults and applies the discrete choice model to analyze the public services equalizationby introducing the variables of per capita GDP, regional total population, finacialexpenditure, per capita education years as independent variables. The following resultscan be got from the model analysis. The influence of the variable regional totalpopulation to the equalization degree of public services is not significant, and the samewith the variable finacial expenditure. Besides the above, the results show that theinfluence of the variable per capita GDP to the equalization degree of public services issignificant, and the level of per capita GDP is higher, the possibility of reducingequalization degree of public services is higher. The influence of the variable per capitaeducation years to the equalization degree of public services is significant, when theeducation years of the per capita are more, the possibility of increasing equalizationdegree of public services is higher.At last, the paper discussed the possible policies of the public servicesequalization. In the first place, three basic principles such as pushing in proper sequence,stressing the main targets and system ensuring which implementing the public servicesequalization should abide were analyzed. Then the paper put forward the foundationalroute which included contents such as introducing market system rationally, assigningroutine power and financial power scientificly, increasing the transfer payment andameliorating the mechanism of evaluation and supervision. In the end, the paperanalyzed the criterion establishment of the public services equalization, and thendiscussed the construction of evaluation institution and the implementation of theconcrete policies when actualizing the public services equalization.