Research On Rural Social Security Policy Of Heilongjiang

Rural social security is a fiscal transfer payment system in cash for the hardest and the lowest, to which the Party and Government have always attached great importance. Since the beginning of the21st century, especially since the16th CPC National Congress, the Central markedly accelerated the pace of the construction of rural social security. The17th CPC National Congress put forward,"social security is an important guarantee of social stability. Explore the establishment of rural endowment insurance system, comprehensively promote the urban basic medical insurance, basic medical insurance for urban residents, construction of new rural cooperative medical care system." The rural social security framework with Chinese characteristics begins to construct.Heilongjiang Province is a major agricultural province, accordingly, the "three Rural" issue is more prominent. The Provincial Party Committee and Government attach great importance to solve the livelihood problems through the improvement of rural social security policy, while actively taking measures to implement the Central policies on rural social security, Constantly advance the implementation on rural social security policy, the rural social security system commensurate with the level of economic development in Heilongjiang Province has taken the initial formation. A comprehensive and scientific research into rural social security policy in Heilongjiang Province has the great theoretical and practical significance.The dissertation is a comprehensive research into rural social security policy in the application of welfare economics, social security, science, public policy Heilongjiang Province. On the basis of the related theories of welfare economics, supply and demand theory, the welfare state ideology, the scientific development theory, building a harmonious society, the research analyses the background, process, present situation and problems of rural social security policy in Heilongjiang Province, with the application of inductive analysis and a comprehensive analysis; theoretical analysis and practical analysis; normative analysis and empirical analysis; qualitative and quantitative analysis; comparative study; the econometric model; depth interviews,etc. The research also evaluates the satisfaction index to the policy implementation effect and makes relevant conclusions and recommendations.Under the premise of the systematic analysis of China’s rural social security policy changes and the foreign rural social security theories and practice, the dissertation makes detailed analysis of the background of rural social security policy in Heilongjiang Province, the implementation and the problems existed. It evaluates the satisfaction index to rural social security effect of policy implementation and proposes to improve the rural social security policy countermeasures in Heilongjiang Province. From the perspective of policy changes, the development of China’s rural social security policy is divided into three phases:collectivization phase in the planned economy, the diversification phase in economic transformation, and the institutionalization phase in new rural construction period. It is objectively informed that the content, achievements on implementation, problems and shortcomings on various stages of rural social security policy. The development of rural social security not only depends on the economic development, but also on the powerful constraints of the other social environment, such as the political system. Promoting rural economic development is the material foundation and economic security of the rural social security system, which is the core to promote modern social security policy formation and development. The government is playing a dominant role in the implementation of the rural social security policy, who is responsible for the development of rural economy, increasing farmers’ income, improving the rural social security system, and constructing social security integration to cover both urban and rural residents.From the perspectives of international comparative analysis, it analyses of experience and enlightenment of the rural social security policy implementation in developed countries, in economy transition countries and developing countries. With the use of comparative analysis method, it analyzes the rural social security policies in the developed countries represented by Germany, Japan, France, the United States, and Sweden, some countries in economic transitions represented by Russia, and Poland, and some developing countries represented by India, Brazil, and Thailand. It then summarizes the similarities and differences of the various modes of rural social security policy, and analyzes the useful insights and references to rural social security policy in Heilongjiang Province.From the perspective of public policy evaluation, the research systematically analyses rural social security policies in Heilongjiang Province, and evaluates the satisfaction index to the policy implementation. First of all, it analyses the factors causing the poverty of farmers in agriculture-based Heilongjiang Province, such as border location, cold climate, and low efficiency. The aging of the rural population is increasingly aggravated. Farmers are caused into poverty by illness and back into poverty. In such a case, there is an urgent need to establish a rural social security policy. Heilongjiang Province has initially built up a rural social security system by actively giving wide publicity, strengthening the organization construction, increasing financial investment and other measures. Secondly, from the perspective of policy implementation, it analyzes the implementation status of the rural social security policy with the use of data statistics and depth interviews. It statistically analyzes the achievements and problems existed in the relevant departments at various levels of government for implementing rural social security policies by raising money through various channels, by expanding security coverage, by standardizing management system, by improving the management personnel quality. By depth interviews with policy implementers, policy beneficiaries and rural residents, it further analyzes the status and problems of the rural social security policy implementation of the same policy from different perceptions of the same aspects. Finally, by using econometric models to evaluate the satisfaction index to rural social security policy, it analyzes relevant factors affecting the implementation of the policies.Using sample survey data and the TOPSIS method to evaluate rural social security policy implementation satisfaction index, comparing the satisfaction indexes between the different policies, it analyzes the tendency of the rural residents to different policies, and further analyzes relevant factors influencing rural social security policy implementation. It finds out that rural residents are generally satisfied with the rural social security policy implementation. Rural residents are inclined to the welfare of rural social security policy. The main factors to influence the rural residents in evaluation to social security implementation are the individual characteristics and partial factors in related policies. The policy implementation agencies status has no significant effect. Among them, the family arable land, the number of children, annual income, rural contracted land policy, and the policy of compulsory education affect significantly; while the level of education, physical health status, the village committee organization status, the quality of township cadres, village cadres’ quality, the village committee working methods, the government investment, the relief subsidies policy, and family planning policy do not affect significantly in the satisfaction index evaluation of the rural social security policy.In conclusion, on the basis of the problems in the implementation of rural social security policy in Heilongjiang Province, the dissertation puts forward some rural social security policy suggestions. First of all, with the guidance of everyone is entitled to enjoy fair social security, we should insist on these principles, the unity of equity and efficiency, popularization of benefits and sharing, government-led and shared responsibility, moderate and sustainable development, planning the urban and rural as a whole, and giving priority to rural areas. Next, we should strengthen the management and supervision of the new rural cooperative medical policies, promote the new rural endowment insurance policy coverage and integration of the social assistance system, at the same time, improve the convergence mechanism, and integrate with urban standards, and develop the social security system in urban and rural regions together. Finally, we should improve the related policy as a guarantee, actively promoting the reform of household registration system, strengthening the financial input and strengthening the organization and management, and realizing the legalization construction. On the basis of constantly increasing financial investment, improving management, perfecting the supporting policies, a comprehensive social security system will be formed.Innovation of this study:1) The research provides a new perspective and method in the research area to investigate the factors that affect the rural social security implementation, especially on the effect of policy implementation from the perspective of public policy.2) The research is innovative to analyze the evaluation satisfaction index to social security policy implementation from the farmer’s perspective.3) The research is the first to investigate a regional rural social security policy status, problems, and implementation effects from the actual situation of the Heilongjiang Province on the basis of survey data.4) The research has some exploration significance to construct a rural social security policy model on the basis of policy analysis and satisfaction evaluation.