Research Of Coverage Control And Routing Protocol In Wireless Sensor Networks

As the expansion of human exploration, how to acquire, store, transfer and useinformation has profound effects on people’s social life. Internet of Things (IoT) is used totransfer information between the physical world and the virtual worlds. Wireless SensorNetwork (WSN) which combines many functions in one such as information perceptionand transmission is one of the fundamental and important parts of Internet of Things, andplays a unique role in networking and operating of IoT.The development of WSN is hindered by the limitation of energy. Therefore, it isessential to improve the efficiency of using and managing energy in the design of networksystem and protocol. On the background of IoT and with the support of national majorproject of science and technology and National Defense Pre-research Project, this papermainly focuses on the framework of WSN, energy consumption model, coverage controlmethod and routing protocol. The main results of the study are as follows:Framework of sensors and networks are classified and summarized. Together with theframework of collaborative awareness and mass data processing, a distributed frameworkwith cloud computing is proposed, which includes physical and logical framework. Also,based on sensor energy consumption model and network energy consumption model, anenergy judgment model for energy efficiency protocol is built for energy-efficient protocol.An Efficient Coverage Control with Modified PSO (ECCMP) algorithm is proposedwhich supplies the demands of discrepant coverage. Network is divided by some subnetsobtained by the minimum energy consumption model. Sensors at different levels utilizestate transfer strategy, back-off strategy, and particle swarm optimization withcrossover-mutation operator to optimize coverage. This differentiation strategy improvescoverage property and perceptibility for WSN on the ground of low energy consumption.A grid-based energy efficient routing protocol-GEERP is proposed. Sensors arepartitioned to different grids based on different functions. Sensors at second level gridsoptimize clustering by introducing election probability, energy factor and distance factor,while sensors at first level grids form routing by using distance factor and data packetsnumber factor, and select routing path in real time based on the factors. According to theoretical analysis and simulation results, GEERP improves network energy efficiency andbalances network energy consumption.At last, a routing protocol--6LoWPAN, Adaptive Hierarchical Routing over6LoWPAN is proposed. By setting compressed message header, routing type can beconfirmed. With the compressed message header, dataflow between networks will beconfirmed. Energy threshold, routing forwarding and routing repairing are used forensuring data transmission quality and high energy proficiency in intranet routing. Itimproves energy efficiency, interaction ability between WSN and external network andincreases network robustness.