| This thesis study the history of Chinese College Counseling by Genetic Method and Bibliometrics method. First, we review the development of Chinese College Counseling in three historical periods. We then study the dynamical mechanism that driving it.Next we discuss the basic contradiction and derivative contradictions in four approaches. Then we sum up experience in past. Finally, we give advice on improving performance and obtaining higher efficiency in College Counseling. Our research show that:There are close relations to development of Chinese College Counseling and innovation of Ideological and Political Education. We must develop College Counseling in these three levels:at macro level, to carry out the positive model of counseling; at meso-level, to promote the professional development of College Counseling disciplines and localization of counseling theory; at micro level, to advance self-development of university students by Peer Counseling and to improve specialization of counselor, by differentiate consulting teams into different levels to promote professional development. This thesis on the following issues:First, The historical development of Chinese College Counseling. Counseling in Chinese universities taking place has its specific practical and theoretical background. That is the practice background, under the conditions of reform and opening up, ideological and political educators in order to effectively respond to college Students development puzzle and psychological problems highlighted, innovated the work methods. There are the theoretical background, the fine traditions of the ideology and political education of the Chinese Communist Party, The Preliminary Research on Marxism humanism Thought; psychology and medicine orientation counseling concept spread. In this thesis, the development of College Counseling is divided into three periods:start period, exploration stage, popular stage. On the basis of analysing the development process, characteristics and problems of each period, explorate counseling as an exotic ideas how to are given localization connotation in a step by step in the practice of the ideological and political education, how to develop from low-level to high-level forms in Chinese society’s political, economic, and cultural backgrounds. Initial period of ideological and political education workers on counseling exploration has a spontaneous to consciously process, the first batch of the establishment of the University’s Counseling Center make counseling end the concept stage, entered to a substantive stage of practice. The trends gradually appeared that ideological and political education and counseling integrate; exploring stage the development of College Counseling rendered normative, pluralism and study. Different practice areas formation different understanding on counseling connotations, ideological and political education, psychology, medicine in counseling area collision and fusion promotes the development of counseling theory. popular stage the College Counseling in the Government carry the development toward to systematized, professional, popular, but how to implement this three-still faces many difficulties.Second, dynamical mechanism of Chinese College Counseling. The most fundamental cause of China’s College Counseling formation is under the conditions of reform and opening up college students suffer more stress, psychological problems highlight and the urgent need for effective response. The direct cause is the ideological and political educators explore innovative methods of practice, and through the activities of this practice is the fundamental objective of promoting free and comprehensive development of students. in this Exploration way, the ideological and political education workers are drived by government administrative and are promoted by foreign assistance abroad, eventually making College Counseling developed. Therefore, the College Counseling impetus came mainly from four aspects:the internal need of students development; ideological and political education workers to explore the internal driving practice; the government agencies, administrative push and help from abroad to learn from outside. These four forces in different historical periods to show the different dynamic characteristics. in social development, which influence each other form a dynamic mechanism of long-term psychological counseling to promote the development of the College Counseling.Third, internal contradictions in Chinese College Counseling. As a complex social practice, College Counseling development is interaction of a series of contradictory movement. These contradictions not only are the source of difficulties of many theory and practice that College Counseling development are facing, but also the basic dynamic mechanism of College Counseling development. Therefore, a profound analysis on the internal contradictions and dynamic mechanism of College Counseling can help us reveal the fundamental the objective law of College Counseling development. In the process of College Counseling development, the basic contradiction is the growing demand for services and lack of specialized resources. This contradiction put the ideological and political education workers on the place of leader on College Counseling development. And the the main contradiction is the dominant of the ideological and political education and dependence on psychology knowledge, which led to problems of subject adscription and Consultants identity in the professional. The two problems are the major internal contradiction that impact the formation and development of College Counseling currently. On the basis of analysis these basic movement rules of contradictions, this thesis proposed the policies of conversion these contradictions.Fourth, basic experience of 25 years in development of Chinese College Counseling. The development of China’s College Counseling has played a positive role in physical and mental health, Personality of college students, school stability, and the development of ideological and political education and student work. In its process, shaped a lot of valuable experiences, and these experiences are important resources for current plight of the development of College Counseling. Based on the analysis of historical evolution, driving force and internal contradictions, we found that College Counseling following the development counseling model and promoting the comprehensive development of college students, not only is the basic experience of 25 years of practice, but also college counseling is the basic criterion to overcome various difficulties and find new direction in the debate. According to the reality of our country, actively exploring the development path of localization is the basic experience; encourage multidisciplinary participation, integration of resources of all relevant disciplines is the basic experience of team building; focus on counseling institutionalization and standardization is the basic experience of the development of the working mechanism; ideological and political education combination counseling is the basic concept of College Counseling sustainable development in China.Fifth, investigates future development path of College Counseling. Theory development and path design is diverse, the optimal path must consider the feasibility of the design, integrity, practical and social needs and physical and mental development of students and development of state law adaptation. Keeping to the four preconditions, comprehensive full-text research findings, this study from the basic concept, content consulting, team building, discipline development and theory of the five dimensions proposed future development path:at macro level, to take a positive approach to promote the development of model implementation; at meso level, to take a scientific o promote the subject building, take full advantage of the resources of experience to promote the development of the theory of localization; at micro-level, to take peer consulting to enhancing the college student self-development capability and Using classification to promote consultation team professional development.Finally, explain the value that Counseling combine with ideological and political education. from the date of birth, there are inextricably linked between Counseling and ideological and political education. Counseling combine with ideological and political education form of political education and counseling model, and and then became a research field of the political and ideological education, that is a important innovation of the political and ideological education in new period. Counseling and ideological education convergence has significant value on the idea innovation, practice specialization and scientific of ideological and political education. |
