The Situation And Influence Factors Study Of Citizenship Education Of Colleges And Universities

Citizenship education of colleges and universities is all education activities about teaching students to implement citizenship and taking the role of citizen. It includes teaching students to realize their rights, enhance the social responsibility, break boundary of nation and race, respect diversity and multi-culture, pursue better world and grow into a qualified citizens. As a communication place of expert culture and mass culture with communicational reason, colleges and universities can check and balance the political system and economic system, avoid the damage of public sphere by its critical functions. Colleges and universities are the most critical and important legal place of citizenship education.Generally speaking, developed countries tend to democraticvalue orientation when implementing citizenship education. In the process of teaching student to implement their citizenship, they emphasize realizing students’ interests, fulfilling their social responsibility and cultivating their global citizenship. Hence, when developed countries investigate or assess the situation of citizenship education, they always to focus on the concept of citizenship and three dimensions about knowledge, attitude, value and action. Citizenship education indicator system of main developed countries including students’ understanding and attitude of universal values; their understanding of social and political knowledge, their attitude of social and political events; their skills of participating in public affairs and political life; and their actual situation of civic engagement. There is a mainstream of implementing citizenship education of developed countries: implement students’ citizenship by building engaged colleges and universities. Blending colleges and universities’ functions of teaching, research and service with wider society. Carrying out citizenship education by service learning, community-based participatory research and academic knowledge transposition so as to create the interaction, cooperation and win-win situation.In the inspirationof citizenship education’s spirit of developed countries, investigating the spirit, situation and influences of citizenship education of colleges and universities. The study develops questionnairetake example by the way of sociology, psychology, and pedagogy. Building factor system and establishing items according tointerview and correlation theory. Then forming “Questionnaire of citizenship education of colleges and universities” and influences questionnaires. Overview all indicators, the final questionnairesare of high reliability and fair validity, and formal questionnaire testing can be taken. Through data analysis, citizenship education of colleges and universities has showed the following characteristics:1.Students’ civic knowledges and civic actions are relatively defective, and disagree with their civic consciousness. 2. Female students with higher civic consciousness and male students are more likely to participate in public affairs and political life. 3. Science students’ abilities of civic engagement is stronger than social students. 4. Freshman have a best result of accepting citizenship education and junior students have a worst result. 5. Members of the Communist Party have a best result of accepting citizenship education. 6. Students who have better test performances also doing well in accepting citizenship education. 7. Students who have higher family income level have better result of accepting citizenship education than lower family income level. 8. Comparing to non-student cadres, student cadres have no advantages. 9. In general, Students whose father have higher education background have better result of accepting citizenship education than lower education background, except master degree.10. Students’ parental occupation of production, transportation equipment operators have better result of accepting citizenship education than parental occupation of professional, technician, other workers and jobless. 11. Students whose mother have no religious beliefhave better result of accepting citizenship education than whose mother have religious belief. Students who have no religious belief doing better in accepting citizenship education than who have religious belief.Personal experience, family environment, school circumstance, cultural environmenthave a significant impact on students’ civic knowledges, civic consciousness, civic action and the result of accepting citizenship education. But when blending of all these factors, some influences are weakened. The net results of the study demonstrate that: 1. Students’ parenting pattern is the important factors of citizenship education, and the impact of social economic statusis offset by education. 2. Students will have a better result of accepting citizenship education when colleges and universities are more engaged in public affairs, fulfilled own rights, have better peer relationship, teacher-student relationship, have higher teaching and scientific researchlevel, and have more student-involved. 3. Students have more public trust in government, they will have a better result in accepting citizenship education. 4. Students have stronger sense of social responsibility and national identity, they will have a better result in accepting citizenship education.Relying on the spirit of developed countries’ citizenship education, and combining the situation of Chinese citizenship education of colleges and universities, the study building five paths to implement citizenship education. Firstly, taking seriously to cultivate students’ civic knowledges and civic action. Second, to teach students according to their aptitude in the process of citizenship education. Third, combining the power of students’ families. Fourth, Improving the campus environment and atmosphere; building ‘engaged colleges and universities’. Fifth, improving students’ rational critical ability, and shaping their global citizenship.