Research On The Distribution Of Grand Stadium In China

The venues of major sports enents is necessary to ensure and promot the city sports undertaking, and one important part of the unban functional architecture. Therefore, since the founding of PRC, our country attaches great importance to the planning and construction of the venues. The success of2008Beijing Olympic Games,2010Asian Games in Guangzhou,2011Shenzhen World University Games, and the upcoming opening of he2013East Asian Games in Tianjin,2013Liaoning National Games,2014Nanjing Youth Olympic Youth Cup, make the demand of the venues keep rsing. In case of the keep-rising demand and supply of the venues, the planning and construction of the venues has ushered in unprecedented opportunities of development, but at the same time, opportunities along with challenges, problems like the insufficience of theoretical research and the improperity about the layout the venues become the public focus of the society. Thus research about the spatial layout of the venues is of great theorical reference and practical significance.According to objectives and content of the research, this paper mainly to make a more in-depth discussion on urban the stadiums spatial layout and its optimization.The text is divided into the following chapters:1.Chapter2Theoretical basis of the spatial layout of citiy major event venues. By introducing, analyzing and summarying the contents and features of the location theory, the growth pole theory, the circle structure theory and public facilities location theory, and by combining with the development goals and attribute characteristics of the urban major sports venues, it’s thought that the basic theory above have important revelation to rational distribution of city sports venues.2.Chapter3The historical evolution of major sports events venues layout. In view of he the liberation venues layout, due to the influx of alien residents, the impact of the spread of the new sport and venue development policy, the overall distribution of the venues of this period is in the eastern coast and some cities in the middle area, and within the urban area is mainly distributed in the Overseas Chinese Concession, the site of the social groups, some schools, and the former army training ground and other locations. Venues, along with the above-mentioned areas are mainly distributed in the city center area, a small part is located in urban and suburban. After the liberation, because of the venue onstruction funding, the political turmoil of the Cultural Revolution, the overall urban planning, urban disease, venues volume of large-scale, the impact of the downsizing plan of the venue, city traffic conditions, as well as to meet the demand of holding large-scale sporting events, the venues has mainly experienced the changes from the city center to the suburbanization, from dispersed layout to "concentrate+dispersed" layout, and a tour-layout mode in the same city.3.Chapter4The current layout characteristics of China’s large-scale sporting venues. At present, China’s sports venues in the area of urban space constantly accumulats, in general the layout characteristics ware based on the economic conditions, urban form, urban roads, schools, the river, land size, population distribution, the environment in urban specific area. The problems and the reasons for spatial layout of China’s large-scale events venue. Currently, the misconduct of China’s sports venues is mainly reflected in these aspects:the overall uneven distribution of the venues, the location in a crowded urban area, the venue layout having not been fully integrated into the urban space, suburbanization of the venue site, the basic condition of the venues’location not taken into consideration. Through further analysis and summary, it is considered that the reasons of the facility layout problem include a lack of venues layout consciousness, the internal contradictions inherent in the layout target, and a lack of conciousness of the law of the market economy, a single decision-making body, the timing of planning and constraction recersing to urban areas, the implementation of standard of venues land not being in place, driven by "short-sighted interests", lack of effective layout methods.4. Chapter5The historical reference of the spatial layout of the Olympic venues. According to the development of Olympic Games throughtout hundreds of years, it can be analyzed that the Olympic venues have experienced three historial stages, that is form a "single center-based venue" layout mode to a"single center concentrated "and a"overall-distributed"layout mode, then to a variety of venues layout mode. Among them, the "concentrated" and "overall-dispersed" have obvious advantages and defects, while "centralized+decentralized " has a better balance between the advantages of both. From the perspective of the city location, according to the location of the venues in the city centers, in the center edge of the area (sub-center) or in suburban distribution, it can be divided into three types:the "center-type","peripheral type","cohesion+peripheral type "; in addition, according to the general experience of previous Olympic venues layout, it can be started from these aspects:the control of the timetable among venues, the layout according to the characteristics of the project, the attention to the layout of the Olympic Center, and the combination of the city’s existing facility, scientifically grasp the layout degree of "centralized" and "decentralized"; combining the Olympic venues inherent features, each host city need follow the value orientation like to meet the demand when conducting the race, to highlight the urban cultural characteristics, to adjust the structure of urban space, to transforme the urban waste ground, and to create a commercial and leisure center; through comparation and analysis, on the whole, both the Beijing and London Olympic Games applied "centralized+decentralized"venue layout mode, however, because the obvious differences existed in the goal orientation of both events’venue layout, thus, the venues layout orientation and the layout patterns of Beijing and London Olympics show a significant difference. And the experience of the overall layout both deserve learning.5. Chapter6. The analysis of spatial layout of foreign large event venues. By learning the experience in facility layout from foreign countries, it is considered that in the new era government should optimize the facility layout from the following aspects:full the role of regulating and control over the venues layout; scientifically optimize process to choose the location of the venues; actively guide the rational distribution of the venues by formunating preferential policies; scientifically analysis and determine the factors affecting the venues; introduced the Construction Agent degrees in the venues layout; adhere to and improve the financial transfer payment system6. Chapter7. Case studies-the spacial layout of Wuhan major sports events venues. Has selected Wuhan City, which has many advantages in urban development and typical spatial form, this paper, on one hand,, through some research, demonstrates the evolving characteristics and existing problems of the venues in Wuhan, then put forward thet conception of the future development trend of facility layout and its planning, in order to offer experience in optimizing the facility layout for other cities; on the other hand, on the other hand, through case studies, verifies the validity and scienticificity of ideas and strategies mentioned previously about the facility layout..Studies have shown that the of Modern Wuhan venues in the city center area present sporadic "dot" distribution, while after the liberation, the venues have experienced "dot"---"dot--axis""multi-polar" vuenues layout modes, are always in a continuous process of change, and are consistent with the basic trend of changes in urban space. Overall Wuhan venues basically form a "one center, three axises, and multi pole" layout, and show a more reasonable "focused+distributed" layout mode. At the same time, the layout follows the overall urban planning, and is based on the distribution of the regional industrial development, population structure, traffic road network, all levels of schools, and is in line with the requirements of the development of the large-scale events and venues on its own. So, it’s conducive to be used in game and after game. Although Wuhan Market has made significant achievements in venues planning, there are still some problems such as a shortage of facility layout, a single layout structure, a misconduct of the location of some monomer venues and the multiplization of the venues area. Thus, it’s necessary to achieve the reasonable venues layout in Wuhan by forecasting and clearfying the trend of it’s development, taking cientific and specific optimization measures, analysising and developing venues layout programmes.