Behind The False Recruitment

Since early1990s, as the marketization of employment and the employment situation being grim of ordinary laborers, false recruitment is resulted growing in intensity. Not only does it violate the lawful rights and interests of many job seekers but also infringe on social and psychological ecology, therefore the false recruitment has been getting a good deal of attention from politics and the press since late1990s. Unfortunately, the main academy has been undeservedly neglecting such a highly realistic social problem.False recruitment is not an isolated social phenomenon, rooted in broader social and cultural background instead, so we can’t simply understand it without considering the latter. In view of the fact that college students are one of the main victim groups of false recruitment, the research takes their job hunting deceived events as the main line, reveals the social and cultural crises hidden in it by characterization and analysis of the roles playing in many false recruitment events of the four major subjects of interests such as cheats, deceived students, media and government. In brief, it is mainly about the false recruitment how to reflect and react to the current Chinese social and cultural life itself threatened by growing crises.It is found out that false recruitment is extremely complex. Combined with the cheating motivation and specific bunco gimmick, it can be divided into four major types:money trap, labor trap, prostitutes trap and special trap. Among them, the most common is money trap including pyramid sales and so on. Labor trap is ranked second including recruitment examination and so on.Research on the roles of the above four major subjects of interests in the false recruitment is the focal point of this article. First look at the cheaters, they seemingly is the initiator of evil of the false recruitment, however, research shows there are multiple factors of structure, system and culture hidden behind their cheating behavior. That is to say, facing the problem why these individuals are on false recruitment road, we must not seek the answer from their own ethical level. Contrary, we must seek the root of the problem from the chronic illness of the current Chinese society in the structure, system and culture levels. Combined with Merton’s structural strain theory and Sutherland’s differential association theory, this paper argues it is Chinese social structural strain and the transfer of false recruitment role that together contributes to its prevalence. Of course, from the perspective of rational choice theory, false recruitment activities must be cost-effective. On one hand, the expected or actual utility of being engaged in it is over the utility brought about by using resources to do other things. On the other hand, the benefits of being engaged in false recruitment far outweigh its cost. The costs include direct cost, moral cost and legal risk cost. For "the maximum income", the cheats try to reduce the cost.To see the deceived students, they are direct victims of false recruitment. The research finds there are social and psychological crises hidden behind their deception events. Most of these college students choose keeping silent when they find themselves cheated. Even some students take a legal action, the protection effect is not satisfactory. On the whole, college students’ safeguarding rights situation is worrying. In particular, although the deceived students can’t do rigorous analysis completely by the tool rational calculation principle when they are in doubt whether taking a legal action, the behavior of their giving up safeguarding rights also is the more "sensible" option through roughly calculating its cost and income. As for why they are being cheated, college students’ self-attribution is "eager to go for a job" and "lack of social experience", but there are more profound social and psychological factors. For example, the adverse social culture of "unspoken rule" provides survival soil for false recruitment to a certain extent, which induces some students to be cheated. Again, college students from a poor family under the social structural strain try to apply for a deviant role to change their adverse economic status, they unfortunately become the victims of cheats’deviant behavior.Finally, look at the media and government. Many facts show media plays "interest accomplice" role in false recruitment flooding. On one hand, many media become cheaters’accomplice in the dissemination of false advertisement in order to pursue their own economic interests. On the other hand, many other media in face of the industry’s shameful behavior of publication of false advertisement refuses to expose or provide exposure platform. Even those media willing to expose related fraud, they often lack the courage and determination in identifying by name the person. In other words, economic interests and business interests are above everything else for media, they are at any cost for this purpose. The government that should do something yet plays a "not as" role in the management of false recruitment. On one hand, in the daily practice of supervision, the relevant functional departments often show the bureaucratic style such as apathy, mutual shuffle, formalism and the "rationality" based on achievements in one’s official career. On the other hand, there are some institutional defects hidden behind this kind of administrative nonfeasance or not as. In fact, the above behavior is also a kind of deviant response resulted from the anomie situation. It also highlights a kind of rational calculation.Overview and outlook, the most profound impression the four actors leave us is rational actor’s image. Regardless of the scammers playing for fraud to seek illegal interests, or the media indulging oneself or other illegal advertising activities for commercial interests and the interests of industry;Regardless of deceived students giving up rights or even reduced to an accessary, or the administrative organs addicted to formal rationality and political reason, all of them manifest a "self-serving". That is to say, they struggle for special self-interests except for the public interest. It is also the tool rationality that fundamentally promotes the false recruitment breeding, reproduction and prosperity. It highlights "the dilemma of collective action" criticized by modern scholars, also aggravates China’s public crisis. In order to fundamentally reverse the situation of flooding of false recruitment, we need proceed with the broader social and cultural aspects. To introduce the "rational" behavior of all parties involved in the false recruitment the way beneficial to the public interest and social well-being from the opportunistic astray, we must reform existing institutional arrangements, reconstruct a reasonable social structure and moral culture, and improve the quality of job seekers.In this paper, one side, I try to use the way of "telling stories" to describe and present Chinese social structure, institutional and cultural diseases. For this kind of chronic disease, there are too much grand narrative and emotional feeling in our field of vision, the lack of it is "the fact itself. As Sun Liping said,"Event process" can dynamically display the complex functioning logic of social life, this is really the lack of a "static" structure or system analysis. So, I first put false invite applications for a job as a type of event, number of "job hunting deceived" event processes just happen in many college students, which are composed of smaller processes. Then, reveal more subtle logic and mechanism in the events through the description and analysis of the different sides of this type of event process. Just as Liu Yu says, many specific cases help us to come back to the "facts and details plain" from the "highland" of ideology. One purpose of this thesis is to try to show related stories with a certain openness and independence to keep more practical features and potential of analysis. The other side, I also try to combine the "structure-system" analysis perspective, use related variables of the structure, system and culture to highlight or integrate the significance and wider importance in particular story. I also discuss systematic measures for the governance of false recruitment.