The Research On Optimizing And Integrating Into The Cultivation System Of China Sports Talents

This study was therefore to assess the progressing of two management patterns in parallel for the past few years in China, namely“Gold medal strategy”applied to competitive sports and“healthy strategy" adopted by physical education. The writer’s main idea was to integrate the sports resources from the whole society, constructing the new system of innovating competitive sports talents cultivation which may combine the competitive sports with the physical education, finally achieving the strategic objectives that improving both the health and competitive sports levels of adolescent synchronously. Mainly the argument can be pursued from several aspects, such as reforming the developing principles of China’s competitive sports, promoting the strategic transition on cultivation system, optimizing the management patterns, adjusting the operation mechanism, analyzing the input and output, most importantly, establishing the meta system and developing strategies system of innovating competitive sports talents cultivation.1. The cultivating system of competitive reserved talents in China had gone through several developing phases: In the early days of foundation, our nation had appealed for developing sports, using the limited resources in an attempt to satisfy the accent terms and focus groups; In the 1960s to 80s, government-oriented sports system occupied a predominated position; In recent ten years,“Gold medal strategy”opened up the highway to utilitarianism for competitive sports in China. "Three levels of training network" reflects the efficacy of cultivating high level sports talents. Basically, our cultivating system of competitive reserved talents presented remarkable government-oriented features in the course of development.2. There are many factors, such as political, economic, cultural and technical factors etc., to influence the cultivating concepts of competitive reserved talents in China. In the early days of foundation, we focused on the reformation practice due to lacking of communication with other countries; Along with the advance of society and economy, especially after we rejoined the Olympic Games, most eyes would soon be on the gold medals; The bringing forward of the concept of combining the sports and education is the sublimation and leap of traditional cultivating concepts.3. "Three levels of training network" was an undoubted success considering it helped us effectively snatching gold medals. But when we think otherwise from the aspect of cultivating athletes to regular social men, it revealed plenty of shortcuts, especially precluded development of athletes’individual comprehensive abilities and personal value.4. Since 1980s, figures showed that government-investment in sports grew at an annual rate of 10%, vigorously support the particularly groups. We faced a shrinking of basic training population, and drastically reducing of collective projects. The“Gold medals”effect can’t continue bring demonstration effect. This strategy had seriously affected the rapid sustainable development of China’s competitive sports.5. The concepts, patterns, mechanism and methods toward national cultivation for outstanding had been explored by investigating other nations’solutions, such as American, Japanese, Germany, Russian, and British etc. We found out that those countries had already established improving law and regulation concerning cultivation of talents. They combined learning of culture and skills, clearly defined the cultivation objectives in different level, built supply chains of talented people fairly, established effective selection mechanism of coaches, combined matches with the training projects, effective connected amateur training with synthetic sports club training. Their methodologies and experiences can be a good reference for optimizing and combining cultivation system of competitive sports talents in China.6. Twenty years have passed since the concept of“Sports-education-combined”came up. But we still have not established corresponding management system. It’s difficult to achieve quota request. In the education system, problems remain in the cultivation system of competitive sports talents, such as unfavorable structures, imperfect internal controls and management, indeterminate training schedules, mixed bunch of coaches, unobvious increasing of skills; in the sports system, problems also reveal in the cultivation system, such as lacking of ideological education and systematical education etc. Its roots in two different training systems, lacking of cooperation on the process level, need to dig out their own organizational model system and advantages of operating mechanism.7. On the basis of the comprehensive survey of China’s competitive sports’history and current status, there proposed the developmental direction of our sports training: transform the "result-oriented" system; establish a "education-outright" thinking; ensure a "people foremost" idea; create a path of "wide open build" channels; and achieve the purposes of " energy conservation and to increase efficiency".8. Bringing forward the basic idea of optimizing and integrating China’s sports training system: to establish the "mutual feedback quality-quantity" as the guiding idea; to explore an new educational-system-based“sports-education-combined”sports training system; to establish a operation system with a management agency oriented and socialized high-level sports teams. Elaborated a basic framework of China’s sports training system in many aspects, such as organization, management, targeting, principles, operating plans, the effect of evaluation criteria, etc.9. Preliminary formulated the three stages of China’s sports training system, as systems building, system transition and system improvement, and set a schedule for each stage.