The View Of Marx And Engels On Harmonious Technology And Its Contemporary Development

The view of harmonious technology refers to the subject of technology, departing from the view of harmony, based on the main principle of harmony and values, with the aim of the pursuit of the coordinated order, living and prospering together, overall harmonious development between technology and people, technology and nature, and technology and economic society. The view of the harmonious technology of Marx and Engels is the basic notion reflected in the harmonious technology in a text of Marx and Engels. The view of the harmonious technology of Marx and Engels has become increasingly mature in the capitalist mode of production in the19th century in Europe, with the deteriorating situation of the life and the work of the proletariat and increasingly ecological destruction and environmental pollution. The theories related to ancient Greek philosophy, utopian socialism and harmonious technology, Renaissance Rousseau Meditations on technological rationality and Romantic criticism have become the theoretical basis for the harmonious technology view of Marx and Engels.Marx and Engels address technology, departing from the historical perspective by the use of the dialectical methods and systematic methods. They analyzed the different kinds of effect of machines on nature, society and workers. The main contents of the harmonious technology view of Marx and Engels mainly include:harmonious technological view, the ecological view of harmonious technology, the societal view of harmonious technology, the ethical view of harmonious technology. The value system of harmonious technology of Marx and Engels is viewed as the core of the harmonious technology of Marx and Engels.The harmonious technological view of Marx and Engels has great impact on Western Marxism. Western Marxism scholars hold a strong critical attitude towards the existing technology but they do not blindly reject technology. They lay stress on the alternatives to the possibilities of all kinds of technology. The idea of "new technology" proposed by Marcuse, the idea of technological democracy proposed by the idea of Feenberg,"big technology" replaced by "small technology" proposed by Agger, the idea of "hard technology" replaced by "soft technology" proposed by Gorz, and the idea of objecting to "bad technology" and pursuing "good (alternative) technology" proposed by O’Connor, reflect the great effect of Marx and Engels’harmonious technological view on their technological theory. In a realistic background of building a socialist harmonious society, the harmonious technological view of Marx and Engels in China is combined with the latest achievement of current science and technology of the world, with the aim of solving the present problems in societal development of China. The harmonious technological view of Marx and Engels in China is viewed as the inheritance and innovation of the harmonious view of technology of Marx and Engels, absorbing and sublimating the harmonious thought of China’s traditional culture, criticizing and sublating Western Marxism’s technology criticism and selected thought. The harmonious technological view of Marxism in China stresses the productive property of technology and ecological property of technology and human-based property of technology, societal property of technology. The thinking paradigm of the harmonious technological view of Marxism in China is no longer merely focused on the technology itself but fully focused on the interaction, mutual influence, mutual restraint, interactive integration in the systematic thinking among technology, economy, environment, politics, military and society. It addresses the relation among technology, nature, human and society within the whole societal system. It will make the most harmonious technological choice in the process of the technological invention and application and it will shape the future in accordance with the direction conducive to the harmony among technology, nature, human and society.