A Research On The History Of Ideological And Political Education In Chinese Ancient Times

The practice of ideological and political education always has had existed in Chinese ancient times since entering the classic society, as a maintenance the needs of the benefit and will of ruling class in social reality, although has not used the name of ideological and political education. The practice of ideological and political education which maintained the benefit and will of ruling class must have a practice direction, namely the goal of ideological and political education. This goal raises the obedient populace who can obey and serve for the feudalism kingship. In order to achieve this goal, the ruling class always formulated some specific requests and methods, and raised goal through these specific requests and the method, and achieved it. That is, the ruling class achieved the goal of ideological and political education with the help of the content, method and way in Chinese ancient times. The content was the core part of ideological and political education in Chinese ancient society. The ideological and political education implemented the social request in the social reality, but this request was the content of ideological and political education. The Chinese ancient ideological and political education was developed itself based on different objects, and the prominent characteristics of it was selecting the different ways according to the different objects. The practice of education must use certain method to impart the educational content to the pedagogue in a certain way. It can be accepted by the people that we must adopt the different education method according to the different condition and the different opportunity as well as the different educational object. These educational methods were the essential content which constituted Chinese ancient ideological and political education, and were also the precious resources which might exist independently. Seeking for the contents and ways as well as reorganizing the methods of Chinese ancient ideological and political education, then let them play the better resources role. It is the important sector that we studied the Chinese ancient ideological and political education.This paper mainly includes the following five contents:The contents of the introduction proposed and explained four questions which the current studies of Chinese ancient ideological and political education faced. The first question, why do we study Chinese ancient history of ideological and political education? This mainly based on two reasons: First, it does have the ideological and political education in Chinese ancient times. We needed the beneficial things from it. Second, the needs of discipline construction, that is, discipline of ideological and political education must contain the support of Chinese ancient history of the ideological and political education. The second question, what are the significance and the value which we study Chinese ancient ideological and political education? The significance and the value mainly had three points: Firstly, the study of Chinese ancient ideological and political education has the value of framework of construction itself. Secondly, the study of Chinese ancient ideological and political education has the value of consummating the theory of ideological and political education. Thirdly, the study of Chinese ancient ideological and political education can provide the teaching material and the reference for the practice and the teaching of ideological and political education. The third question, what does the research of Chinese ancient ideological and political education study? Chinese ancient ideological and political education study mainly the content, method, way as well as leading doer, object and place and so on, and has the function of outline of the history of ideological and political education. The forth question, which innovations do the research of Chinese ancient ideological and political education have? First, the new thinking: this paper has the constructive innovation value by outlining the content, way, method, leading doer and the place of Chinese ancient ideological and political education. Second, the new viewpoints: the summary of content’s system of Chinese ancient ideological and political education; the summary of the ways of Chinese ancient ideological and political education; the summary of the methods of Chinese ancient ideological and political education; the division of leading doers of Chinese ancient ideological and political education. The last question, this paper will continue to consummate and supplement in the future in view of the fact that the subjective and objective factor.Chapter one, the contents of Chinese ancient ideological and political education. In this part, the induction of Chinese ancient ideological and political education was: the core of Chinese ancient ideological and political education that is belong to the normal attribute is the education of etiquette standard and the three cardinal guides and the five constant virtues as specified in the feudal ethical code; the soul of Chinese ancient ideological and political education that is belong to the attribute of values is the education of filial piety and study of Confucian classics; the basic and auxiliary content of Chinese ancient ideological and political education that is belong to the attribute of the world outlook are the education of the heaven-man relation and the religious belief; the permanent contents of Chinese ancient ideological and political education that is belong to the attribute of moral acquisition are the education of self-moral training and the moral model.Chapter two, the ways of Chinese ancient ideological and political education. In this section, the refinement of the ways of Chinese ancient ideological and political education was: the populace’s way of ideological and political education was reading law rule, leading the good social convention, demonstration; the government official’s way of ideological and political education was selecting, using, as the teacher; the minor’s way of ideological and political education was education for children in a private school, personality, test. Chapter three, the methods of Chinese ancient ideological and political education. In this part, the summary of the methods of Chinese ancient ideological and political education was: The methods of the example demonstrations, reward and penalty, speaking and bulletin, the influence of custom, the cognition, self-moral training, the practice exercise.Chapter four, the subject of Chinese ancient ideological and political education. The subject of Chinese ancient ideological and political education is divided into three aspects: the content subject such as feudalism ruling clique; the education subject such as the government official auxiliary by teacher; the education object subject such as the populace including government official and the minors.