A Study On Literati’s Dissemination Consciousness In China Over 618～959 A.D.

The dissemination consciousness is an autopsychic and rational expectation form of mind about the author and it would existted when the author pay attention to the infered object (reader,audience).Literati would present different consciousness tendency when they get to judge,select the idea from the intelligence,experience of themselves because of the potential concept (e.g., pay attention to Tao, immortality by talking or writing etc.) and the spreading phenomenon showed out. Meanwhile,all these changes of consciousness tendency woule affect the litersti’s action about literacy creation and dissemination.This paper has a historical investigation on the literati’s dissemination consciousness in China over 618～959 A.D..The dissertation text can be divided into five parts except the exordium and the concluding remarks.The first part discussed the connotation and the formation process of literati’s dissemination consciousness (chapter 2).It is considered that the literati’s dissemination consciousness has its origins in the desire of known by others with the literature and the potential anxiety of anonymity when they want to be famous.In the essential orientation of the value,literary reputation is bound together with literati’s fame and his morality and is closely related to traditional ideas.The desire of known by others with the literature is a subjective pursuit that consist of the literature cloud be handed down to later or be spread in contemporary. The two aspect can not be dissevered.The potential anxiety of anonymity which is expressed especially prominent in relagation literati,as a consideration of psychological factors,also determines the literati’s dissemination consciousness may have no alternative but to spread by the literature.The last section of this chapter focuses on analysis the phenomenon made by Liu zongyuan as an example of relagation literati.The second part investigated the characterization and the evolution forms of literati’s dissemination consciousness (chapter 3).The literati’s dissemination consciousness is divided into four categories, i.e. expressing Tao,writing history,promoting literature and pouring out emotion.About expressing Tao, the paper on the focus of these several aspects which are the struggle between Confucianism and Buddhism, the adjustment of the adorning and modesty, creating in the spare time and making up for the enlightenment. About writing history, the paper on the focus of embellishing achievements,recording for historical reference,the consciousness want to be record into the history and the cognition about the relationship between literature and history.About promoting literature,the paper first discussing the formation of the situation of attaching importance to literature (especially in early Tang dynasty),the literati’s dissemination consciousness in the atmosphere of restoring ancient ways in pursuit of new styles,the time ethos concentrating on the literature and conllection. Second,it analysing the literati’s contest from animosity.Third,it analysing the literati’s opinion about the immortality by writing.About pouring out emotion,the paper give a thinking on the focus of the entertainment mood in spare time,the sentiment mood in sad time and the retiracy idea in reclusive time.The third part discriminated the social behaviors and the writing action influenced by literati’s dissemination consciousness (chapter 4).According to Husserl’s view,consciousness,as an experience of intentionality, has a directivity for the object.Intentionality involving the behavior of significance, the content of meaning and the object be infered.In terms of this theory,this chapter investigated the literati’s behavior of significance about the dissemination consciousness (i.e.,poems written into the encyclopedia,the connotation of literature dissemination in social behavior as题壁,送别,行卷,诗文征求,文字饮,etc.),and analysised the the content of meaning (the aesthetic creation & the practical writing) and the object be infered (i.e. reader) also linking to literati’s dissemination consciousness.The paper point out that literati’s writing and social behavior all have many changes in the background of the growing literary dissemination consciousness——the form of aesthetic creation as poems,odes refined gradually,the emergence of the preface and the phenomena of repeated versifying refinement,all means the literati’s attention to dissemination of the aesthetic creation, other practical writing (as书信,壁记,碑铭,判词,etc.) also turning to the trend of literary-oriented.Furthermore,when the text object be infered i.e. reader has changed the style of the poems will slightly changed.All these changes are reflected the inpact of the growing literary dissemination consciousness.The fourth part analysed the era background and the social cause of literati’s dissemination consciousness (chapter 5).The produce of a consciousness often have two factors each is historical and social.Take it into account,this chapter can divided two section i.e. vertical and horizontal.Vertically,the analysis focus on the Confucian tradition and the development of literature.The paper considered that the accumulation of the Confucian tradition is the major reason in the literati’s dissemination consciousness,because of the Confucian tradition,all these factors as expressing Tao,writing history,promoting literature can exist in the literati’s consciousness.On the other side,Literary development provided facilities to enhanced literature-oriented translation in literati’s dissemination consciousness.Horizontally,the investigation pay attention to the influence of the gradual rise of the Sui and Tang Imperial examination system,the impact of block printing on private copies,and the inspiration of Buddhism.The paper point out that the imperial examination system provide a best shortcut for the literati’s acheievement and fame which is the basic reason that literati scramble for.The emergence of the block printing provide a quick form for the spread of poetry and books.The Buddhist scriptures translation, symposium,carving and printing, tripitaka and other dissemination forms also give an inspiration to literati,and inpelled literati increased awareness of literary dissemination.The fifth part thinked about the effects of literati’s dissemination consciousness on literary history (chapter 6). As a purpose of the study on literati’s dissemination consciousness,it is necessary to come back to literature.The chapter have a association thinking on literati’s dissemination consciousness and literati’s status in literary history.To avoid uncertainty of the subjective description,this paper use the methods of quantitative analysis (often used in current sociology study) for an exploratory investigating on the relationship between the literati’s dissemination consciousness and the number of surviving literary works,the intensity & the indiffernt of literati’s dissemination consciousness and the historical status.It is considered that the literati’s dissemination consciousness can determine the number, but can not determine the status in literary history.The main factor to determine the status of a literati should be the quality of his work.At last,this chapter have a complementary narrative on the anonymous phenomena in literary history,in order to uncover the decisive role which the literati’s dissemination consciousness played in the literati’s identity in literary history.