On The Mongols Rule Over Russia And Its Influence

From 1237 to 1480, Mongolia conquered and ruled Russia over 240 years. Through the historical facts concerning Mongolia’s conquer and rule of Russia this dissertation probes into the impact of the Mongolian rule on Russia’s social and cultural development, by analyzing the changes of Russia in terms of system formation, arts & literature, and social activities under the rule of the Golden Horde.The dissertation mainly adopts analogy, collects a lot of material, carefully gets it checked and draws a conclusion by making comparison between historical facts. Reaching the conclusion based on acquired historical documents is the most important study method of the research. In recent years, some of Russia’s archaeological researches provide us with convincing first-hand information. Additionally, linguistic research methods work as an integral part of history studies. Social changes are bound to leave traces in the language. Through the study of borrowed Russian words from Mongolian and some Mongolian sayings, we find the origin of archaic folklore and the trace of cultural impact.The dissertation includes three parts:introduction, main body and conclusion.The introduction clarifies the purpose of the topic selection and the significance of research, the results of discussions from Chinese and Russian scholars. It further introduces the framework and research methods, innovations and shortcomings remained in the research.The main body is composed of four parts:Chapter One "The Mongolian Rule" reviews Mongolia’s rule over Russia, analyzes some major points of view about the impact of the Mongolian Rule. By the analysis of the impact of the Mongolian Rule on Russia’s economy construction, culture dissemination and trade between the East and the West, the dissertation elucidates the author’s view toward this set of questions:we need to uphold the dialectical historical studies research methods. The impact of Mongolian rule cannot be generalized. We should not attach the importance only on one side, ignoring the other one.Chapter Two "The Changes of Regime", basing on the first-hand materia from Russia, by probing into the systems before and after the Mongolian rule over Russia, establishes that oriental civilizations have left foot prints in Russia’s politics, legislation, military, domicile, post station, darqan and so on.Chapter Three "Literary and Artistic Changes", by probing into the development of literature, architecture and painting, establishes the impact of the Mongolian rule on Russia’s literary and artistic development, with the help of Russia’s and Ukraine’s latest excavations.Chapter Four "Social life changes", by probing into the changes in terms of orthodox faith and living habits before and after the Mongolian rule over Russia, establishes that the Mongolian rule has left indelible impact on Russia.Then the dissertation arrives at the conclusion that with the recognition that the Mongolian invasion of Russia wreaked great havoc, people still have to admit that its two and a half centuries of domination of Russia indeed had a tremendous impact, which includes:The Mongolian conquest and rule indirectly promoted the cultural exchange of European and Asian countries including Russia, provided broader space for Russia’s social and cultural development. Overall, the Mongolian rule converted Russia’s direction of development, making oriental elements an undisputed part of Russia’s culture.