| With the development of subjects in different field, academic researches are having a great boom. Hence, it is a skill for researchers to accomplish research articles with high level. Academic writing is very important, and is often regarded as a marker to judge writers’ writing level. According to the types of topic, it can be divided into monographic study, literature review, hypothesis test and refutation. Literature review (hereinafter referred to as LR) is special and important, characterized by rich information and strong comprehensiveness. Moreover, authentic and high-level LR is of high attention. But how can writers keep objective with the combination of their opinions and attitudes with objective facts? Actually, linguists from different fields have carried on a lot of thorough studies. But there is no research related with textual analysis. Appraisal Theory is ideal among many different analytic tool. It aims to interpersonal meaning, developing the interpersonal function theory of Functional Grammar. Now, its research field has been turned from discourses with rich interpersonal recourses to "objective" and "depersonalized" ones, for example, academic discourses. The results have already told us that interpersonal meaning is not only very rich but very important in academic discourses. More importantly, "it has become a method to express objectivity in academic writing".Therefore, the intensive study on academic discourses is very necessary to get a clear understanding of their features and law. However, present studies focus more on English:book reviews and abstracts, etc. and neglects Chinese academic discourses. In view of the above, this dissertation in frame of Appraisal Theory studies the interpersonal meaning of 50 LR of social science from CNKI (http//www:cnki.net) with the analytic tools of UAM Corpus Tool 2.8.12 and CIPP.This research is intended to answer the following four key questions:1. Are there rich interpersonal resources in LR?2. What are the distribution characters of ATTITUDE, ENGAGEMENT and GRADUATION? How are different resources realized lexically and grammatically?3. The analysis of Attitude is to reveal which resources are foregrounded and which are back-grounded. What role do they play in coherence and cohesion?4. Is there any implicit stance markers as well as explicit ones in LR? If yes, how is implicit evaluation realized? How do they work together to express writers’ opinions and attitude effectively?The dissertation includes five chapters:introduction, the analysis of attitude resource in LR, The analysis of engagement resource in LR, the analysis of graduation resource in LR, the evaluation in LR:implicit and explicit evaluation. The conclusion is as followings:(1) The explicit evaluation resource is very rich in LR, but the distribution of each system is imbalanced. The data shows graduation resource is used with high percentage. The next are engagement resource and attitude resource.(2) In Attitude system, appreciation is the main means to express a writer’s attitude. By means of appreciation, writers can evaluate research results or methods, avoiding criticizing directly researchers. It conceals personal emotion and makes their evaluation more objective. Explicit appreciation is often realized by adjectives and their nouns. Engagement is the second most distributed to express writers’ evaluation. Writers can construe the interaction with the readers with the use of different engagement strategies. From the overall distribution, contraction is of highly percentage compared with expansion. In LR, the choice of contraction can help writers to compass the dialogic space with other possible opinions. In this way, writers are willing to take responsibility for their proposition and show their authority. But at the same time, writers use expansion resource in order to make the discourse open to minimize challenge.Engagement meaning is mainly realized by reporting, modality and concessive clause. The engagement resources are dominated by contraction in each move with the subtle differences because of different contents. Graduation is of highest distribution. By use of engagement resource, writers make attitude and engagement gradable. The use of force is higher than focus, in the interior of force, the resource of quantification is more than that of intensification. Graduation can be realized by a lot of rich means.(3) In macroscopic view, the prosodic structure of Introduction part is dominating with the realization of saturating manner. At the same time, the positive and the negative appraise is also saturating in different manners. All of these structures work together in order to make the text cohesive and coherent.(4) Evaluation can be explicit as well as implicit. Many lexical-grammar devices can perform evaluative function, for example engagement strategies, graduation resources, experiential meaning. They can interact with implicit evaluation to act on discourses and serve for readers.The research is significant. Firstly, it can rich the domestic study on academic discourses. Secondly, it can fill the gap in the study of appraisal meaning on Chinese discourses, especially Chinese academic discourses. Thirdly, it can guide the academic teaching and writing. We think that the analysis of grammatical items and the exploration of how they realize interpersonal function in social science LR can help learners make better understand of the relation between grammar and textual meaning and accomplish high-level writing. Finally, at present, all of the dissertations are in English. This dissertation in Chinese explains Appraisal Theory in details and analyzes the materials, which is very helpful for non-English majors. |
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