Self-reference Of Expressive Subject In Speech Communication

Reference is one of the major topics in linguistics, sociology and cognitivescience. The form of reference as sign of language plays an important role in thestructure of language and the use of language. Choices of the forms of referencereflect in the dynamic mapping which involve in the cooperation and dialogue ofspeech communication.In daily conversation, the speaker of the utterance i.e. the expressive subject ofspeech communication, intends to select multiple forms of language expressions asself-reference. Expressive subject often takes the expressions,“I”,“we”,“we (zanmen)” and other first-person pronouns to refer to himself/herself. However, due todifferent contexts and different communicative purposes, as well as the constraints ofdiscourse structures, expressive subject will also select other words or phrases, or theway of different grammatical structures and the form of grammaticarization asself-reference. With more open visions and more diverse perspectives, this thesis willobserve personal pronouns, noun phrases and the forms of grammatical structures asself-references of expressive subject, in order to enhance its integrity and systematicconsequence.On the basis of the deduction to the theory of reference and meaning of reference,this thesis seeks to give the corresponding static description for the expressivesubject, with proper name and common name as the basic references. The centralthemes are to explore the expressions in the dynamic context, realization forms andreferential meanings. In the meanwhile, the thesis explains and describes thepragmatic environments, pragmatic motivations, principles and mechanisms as wellas the pragmatic functions of self-reference. Therefore, the aim of the thesis is to better understand and realize the intention of expressive subject.Whether to achieve the purpose of speech communication and understand theintention of expressive subject successfully, the life experiences, personalities andlanguage abilities of the communicative subjects as well as familiarity between thesubjects matter a lot. Definitely, there are many non-verbal factors which also play acrucial role. In speech communication, expressive subject has both the features ofobjectivity and subjectivity to a certain degree. In order to ensure the successfulprogress of speech communication, expressive subject also need to not only maintaincertain stability, but also inevitably involve certain dynamic features which arereversed referential roles and referential thought process.Expressive subject takes various forms of expressions as self-references inspeech communication. Words and phrases forms, includes appellation words andnon-appellation words. Concerning grammatical forms, the main descriptions ofexpressive subjects’ self-references are their structures, word order characteristicsand syntactic representations. The accessibility of self-reference of expressivesubject has a restraining function for the forms and structures of discourse.According to cognitive principles and language acceptance principles, theaccessibility and the constructed referential objects are related to the acceptiveobject’s reaction rate of the cognitive schemata. The higher of the accessibility, theeasier it is to be identified. The forms study of self-reference in this thesis, which arethe combination of person pronouns and person denoting nouns, are similar to theco-occurrence of determiners. Their structural arrangements are mainly appositivestructure, subject-predicate structure and attributive structure. The classification ofco-occurrence structures of person pronouns plus demonstrative-quantifier nounsand person pronouns plus quantifier nouns are kinds of controversial. This thesistends to support the view that they should be classified to subject-predicate structure.Moreover, expressive subject presents the way of grammaticarization form throughdiscourse markers and grammatical structures.Conditional expressions of expressive subject in the forms of discourse, areachieved not only with the requirement of subjective conditions, but also with the requirement of objective conditions. The subjective conditions include expressivesubject’s communicative motivation, communicative intention, communicativepsychology, communicative literacy, etc.; the objective conditions includecommunicative objects, communicative context, communicative topics, etc. Theforms of discourse of expressive subject, largely depend on the expression of socialidentity and discourse identity. With the changes of the forms of expressions,expressive subject constantly constructs the corresponding self-identity to highlightthe power status, professional characteristics, gender differences, personalities indifferent moods and many other aspects. Expressive subject directly constructsstrong identity of discourse in the communication field, by highlighting the powerfulposition in the way of self-reference. In the meanwhile, the acceptive subject isreminded to strengthen and realize the constructed identity and position ofexpressive subject at this moment.On the other hand, the identity of expressive subject can be expressed throughambiguous language expression, ambiguous referent, ambiguous referential range, inorder to deliberately construct ambiguous self-identity. It meets the requirement ofexpressive subject under certain circumstances and situations. The ambiguousidentity constructed, which following the politeness principles and the principles ofcooperation, is conducive to better express and complete the intentions in certaincontext. Therefore, expressive subject can make all kinds of variation in thelanguage negotiable choices, to adapt the context and language structure, and meetthe communicative intention. The realization models of discourse of expressivesubject include cognitive schemata model, language utility model and empathyde-empathy model. These models involve communicative subject’s gender, age,identity, social status, interpersonal skills, communicative roles, context and otherfactors, which affect the realization of the rules of different models.In this study, it observes self-reference in use of language from dynamic point ofview in speech communicative process. It expresses more clearly the constraints ofexpressive perspective and psychology of expressive subject to speech coding and speech decoding in different contexts. It also argues the changes of self-referencewith the corresponding changes of specific communicative purposes and intentions,which plays a special role for reference in social interpersonal function and identityconstruction.