North Korea's Aesthetic Emotion "hate"

This paper is the study of the esthetics category "Han", which is regarded as the most fundamental and basic emotion by the Korean. As there is no clear definition,"Han" is still a subject of letting a hundred schools of thought contend and actually need to be clarified.The scholars haven’t reached a consensus on the definition of "Han", but they generally agree that it is not formed by a single element; it is the complex aesthetic category which concludes "sadness","resentment","regret" and "sentiment""melancholy" and other emotional elements. Different researchers have different perspective and concerns, so it is still difficult to reach an agreement on the concept of "Han".How to give a relatively overall definition to "Han"? The author agrees with the opinion that "Han" is a complex and multiple esthetics category which is related to many emotional elements. But the author also believe that there must be a core element among them, which is "sadness", functioned as the fundamental element.The human emotions can be generally divided into two types as "sadness" and "happiness". A Chinese idiom "pleasure, anger, sorrow, joy" is often used to describe various human’s emotions, which actually consists two basic emotional elements "sadness" and "happiness". And "Han" belongs to the category of "sadness". Among the emotions of "sadness","resentment","regret" and "sentiment","sadness" is the core factor. If there is no "sadness", neither is "Han". The cause of "Han" is from the negative experience in "separation or death","defeat and failure","lose and decline". So "sadness" is the fundamental and core factor of "Han".All in all,"Han" is an aesthetic ideology category which takes "sadness" as its core factor. As a kind of aesthetic ideologies,"Han" reflects the aesthetic understanding of the tragic situations such as "separation or death","love and betrayal" and "suffering and frustration" in the tradition of Korean literature and art."Han" is the essence of traditional Korean "tragic consciousness". From the perspective of tragic consciousness, by the research methods of social historical criticism, hermeneutics and psychology, this paper tries to find and summarize the concept category of "Han", and then explain its entity and meaning as an East Asian tragic aesthetics category.The dissertation is composed of six parts.The first part introduces the research subject, purpose, significance and method.In the second part, the author establishes the concept of the tragic aesthetics, such as "tragic consciousness" and "tragic spirit". The "tragic consciousness" is the perceptual and intuitive emotion and consciousness which is based on "sadness"; while the "tragic spirit" is the struggling spirits and passion directly controlled by the strong rational spirits which is actually created by the literary artists by various literary carriers.In the third part, the author analyses the sentiment and psychological structure of "Han" from the view of aesthetics and psychology. In terms of sentiment structure,"Han" includes complaint and self-accusation, regret and hope and other competing emotional elements; In terms of the psychological structure,"Han" is the psychological reaction showed by the people, when they face the adverse situations, such as lose "of the lover", failure, frustration. It is also the defense mechanism that people uses to get rid of or reduce the suffering caused by that psychological reaction.In the fourth part, the author analyses the expression of "Han" in Korean ancient myths and legends, ancient poetry and modern poetry."Han" doesn’t explicitly appear in the text, sometimes it hides in the text implicitly by the way of inner emotion logic. Weather it is implicit or explicit, it is clearly found that "Han" as a special emotion exists in the Korean literature.In the fifth part, this paper makes an comparison between Korean "恨", Chinese "Yuan(怨)" and Japanese "Aware((?))". As East Asian tragic aesthetics category, they share the core element of "sadness", and also have many differences.In the sixth part, it discusses the similarities and differences of "tragic consciousness" in eastern and western aesthetics and expounds the value and significance of "Han" as an eastern "tragic consciousness". Western tragic aesthetics centers on the theory of imitation, while eastern tragic aesthetics centers on the perception of material."Han" emphasizes the perception that brought by the nature, it doesn’t form the expression as the western tragedy. It just like the stars in the sky, and gives its indistinct light by various literary forms.