A Study On The Non-buddhist Loanwords In Han Dynasty

Loanwords are the result of different languages’ contacting,which stand for the lexical exchanging of cross-language and culture.It is the most important part of the lexical history based on thesynchronic loanwords’ systematic study. Loanwords exist in thelanguages of the world more or less, which have specific featuresbecause of different history of external conditions of bringing inloanwords and the difference of languages themselves. From all theachievements on the Chinese lexical history, the studies on thesynchronic loanwords system are comparatively rare, especially onthe ancient same issues, which were usually studied individually notin the large number of the field.Based on the study of the history of Chinese loanwords and theanalysis of the achievements about it, we establish the integrity ofHan dynasty in the history of Chinese loanwords and do the largenumber of1400non-Buddhist loanwords research from the broad sensebased on the ancient Chinese versions about Han dynasty, especiallythe versions on the foreign countries and nations. Meanwhile in thecourse of specific research, we focus on the study of loanwordsnoumenon of Han dynasty based on the theory of Chinese lexicalhistory, modern lexicology, semantics and lexicography and do theother researches about it, such as the influence that it has on theChinese lexicon, the value of helping revise and compile The Dictionary of Chinese Loanwords and the characteristics of loanwordsin the version of Han Shu and Shih Chi, including both thedifferences between them.On referring to the paper versions themodern scientific corpus searching system of technology mainly playsa key role in the whole paper about the data.The dissertation is constituted of seven chapters. The firstchapter is the summarization about the study, which is the basis ofthe topic. The second chapter focuses on the staging of the Chineseloanwords’ history and establishing the integrity of Han dynasty,which is the basis of the following deep study. The third, thefourth and the fifth chapters are the main parts of the dissertation,which focus on the noumenon feature of Han non-Buddhist loanwords inthe lexical system from more points of view to find the commoncharacteristic of one period of Chinese language period and theindividual features of Han dynasty. The sixth chapter is theexpanding study on the basis of non-Buddhist loanwords of Handynasty, which shows the combination of lexicology and thelexicography and also plays a key role. The seventh chapter is theconclusion of the whole paper. The main content of each chapter isas follow.The first chapter is the introduction, which introduces thegeneral situation of loanwords in Chinese to find the shortage ofthis field and puts forward the ideas, making sure of the period ofthe study. Meanwhile according to the content of the research wemake sure of the research methods, the feasibility and the explanation of the standard of the loanwords’ definition, the wayof finding the loanwords and the linguistic data. In the secondchapter we establish the integrity of Han dynasty in the Chineseloanwords’ history according to other different points of it. Inthe third chapter the non-Buddhist loanwords of Han dynasty havebeen studied in the way of lexical system, which includes theloanwords selection, the distribution of the loanwords sourcelanguages, the distribution of loanwords’ length, the distributionof the loanwords semantics, the distribution of loanwords morphologyand the distribution of the speech of loanwords. From the fiveaspects of lexicon in the general point of loanwords definition, thedescription and the analysis of the loanwords without those from theBuddhist versions have been done objectively, but comparison betweenthese two different origins has also been conducted to reflect thefeatures of loanwords of Han dynasty. Chapter4focuses on theproper noun of non-Buddhist loanwords of Han dynasty, which includesthe study of the selection, the variants and the motivation of theproper nouns whose features should be the emphasis to be discussed.Chapter5mainly studies the common nouns of non-Buddhist loanwordsof Han dynasty, which include the way of borrowing, the differentforms of variants and the Chinesization performance on the basis ofthe data and the explanation. The cause of the variants has beenexplained from the aspects of the subjective world, the objectiveworld and the language world simultaneously.Chapter6is theexpanding research on the basis of non-Buddhist loanwords of Handynasty, which includes the influence on the Chinese lexicon that loanwords have, the study of The Dictionary of Chinese Loanwords andthe comparison between Hanshu and Shichi. Chapter7is theconclusion part of the whole paper, which points out thesignificance of the research and the issues to be further carried onin the future.Language contact has been in a long history and happeningfrequently, which results in the national loanwords because ofcross-language communication necessarily. It is significant to viewthe loanwords history of Han dynasty at present when languagecontact happens very frequently. And the study on the loanwords ofHan dynasty can benefit both the cognizing of the Chinese lexiconcharacteristics of some period of history and pushing forward thedevelopment of the study of Chinese lexicon history.