Research On Provincial Assembly Of Hunan Provincial In Late Qing Dynasty

Taking the Assembly of Hunan Provincial as an example, this paper is an empirical study about the Provincial Assembly in late Qing Dynasty. The establishment of the Provincial Assembly is a product of preparing constitutionalism in the Qing Dynasty. The Qing Dynasty was going to be destroyed by internal and external power, only preparation of constitutionalism will save the Qing Dynasty, and also it is the demands of the people learning from Western. The Assembly of Hunan Provincial came into being in this context. Its establishment and operation can not be separated from the background of the times, but also have local characteristics. The establishment of the Assembly of Hunan Provincial is the result of joint efforts of the Government, gentleman and populace , although the proportion of voters is extremely low compared with the total population, but that is the first democratic election in Hunan, which is landmark. The Assembly of Hunan Provincial is an independent official institution; its members are elected through the double election, and in the form of equal status. Members function through participation in proposals, questioning, debating, voting, etc.. The Assembly of Hunan Provincial take majority decision by way of collective decision, the decision will have certain binding on the governor. From a structural point of view, the Assembly of Hunan Provincial has some local characteristics of the local council with modern features. The power of the Assembly of Hunan Provincial is determined by the Assembly of Statute. It provides the members of the Assembly of Hunan Provincial political participation. The Assembly of Hunan Provincial exercises its function according to a complete system, from the arrangement of the agenda to review the proposal; from the members to discuss the proposal, voting procedures and methods, from the settings and the organizational form of the hearing, from the functions of the election, classification, rules of procedure, to the Clerk and other offices. Council records, speed records and meetings order is also strictly regulated. The Assembly of Hunan Provincial exercises the main functions and powers by way of meeting with democratic and open characteristics. Congressman perform their duties; participate in The Assembly of Hunan Provincial’s political activities. There are many disputes between local officials; the essence is the redistribution of power. Although some degree of consensus can be reached in some small problems between the two, the struggle becomes more violent and complex when the issues is related to the important interests. In practice, mutual compromise can be reached between the two sides through the prudent choice, which is consistent with the spirit of constitutionalism. The insistence of the decision by vote of members, not only embodies the focus to scrutiny official, but also reflects the urgent need of political rights. Through the resolution of the Assembly of Hunan Provincial case and the actiwity that the Assembly of Hunan Provincial did in the Hunan Protection Movement in Hunan, Changsha rice riot, Congress and the Revolution in the petition as a motion and impact, it has a representative, political forums, control and supervision Government, the function of the interests of integration and legalization.Hunan by the Conference Board of structure, function and operation of the analysis, the authors conclude that: Hunan, with the Assembly of Hunan Provincial is a local council structure and functional characteristics of the political consultative body of local representative bodies, to participate in this agency activities mainly business people. The Assembly of Hunan Provincial is the first official organization based on public opinion, it occupies an important position in the history of democracy in Hunan. From a historical point of view, its real significance lies in the spread of the democratic system. The history of the Assembly of Hunan Provincial is an example of the failure of constitutional reform in late of Qing dynasty, and it will give us inspiration in many ways.