| Objective:The cross-sectional study was to find out50to59years old people who had cardiovascular risk in exercise and finad out more sensitive factors to predict cardiovascular risk. Then the subjects with risk were undergoing a3-month running intervention for us to investigate the improvement of risk indexes. We also studied different types of exercise which including Tai Chi and running on improvement of cardiovascular fitness(CRF) in50to59years middle-aged men. Finally, we expected to offer some suitable and stable exercise prescriptions for the middle-aged people.Part1Methods:The questionnaire was used and picked out247ordinary people aged from50to59. All the volunteers went through the graded exercise tests(GTXs) to observe if there were any abnormal changes in electrocardiogram or blood pressure. The volunteers were assessed for morphology indicators, cardiovascular functional indicators, blood samples, ultrasonic cardiogram and other parameters during the GTXs. Then we tried to find out the relationships between these indexes metioned before and the abnormal electrocardiogram or blood pressure. Results: A total of31subjects appeared abnormal changes in the GTXs, at the same time there were38subjects appeared abnormal but went back to normal sooner or later. The warning indexes were physical activity, hip circumference, BMI, SBP, ABI, CIMT, TC, HDL-C, HRV, and heart rate recovery after the exercise in abnormal people. The warning indexes were HDL-C, HRV and the heart rate after the exercise in transient abnormal people.Part2Methods:66volunteers which emerged exercise cardiocascular risk from part1were random divided into C group, Y group and YH group. All the participants had an training of3-month running. The intensity of exercise was50%-60%V02max, the frequency of the exercise is5times a week, each for60min. Before and after the intervention, we assessed the risk indicators revealed in part1. Results:The incidence of the abnormal change declined both in Y group and YH group. The intervention of the training also decreased myocardial enzyme in both Y and YH group. The completing exercise load were increased after the intervention. In the mean time carodiovascular function, morphology indicators, blood lipids and autonomic nervous function were also improved.Part3Methods:95men aged from50to59were randomly divided to control group (C), Tai Chi group (T), low volume running group (LR) and high volume running group(HR). T group participated Chen-style Tai Chi for400min a week. LR group participated low volume running for150min a week, and HR group participated high volume running for300min a week. The intensity of running was50%-60%V02max. Before and after3months training, we asseseed V02max, echcardiography and pulmonary functions and other indicators of health. Results:The enhancement of V02max was8.2%in T group,17.1%in LR group and22.2%in HR group. All exercises would decline the resting heart rate, improve the blood lipids, SV, EDV, vital capacity and maximum voluntary ventilation. But the decrease in Tei index was much more obvious in both T and LR than HR.Conclusions:1. There are some trasient abnormal phenomenon exist in estimation of abnormal ECG and BP during the GTXs. We should combine myocardial enzyme indicators to indicate the abnormal changes. The exercise cardiovascular risk in50-59years middle-aged people can be assessed by the examination of PA, HRV, CIMT and HRR after the ordinary health examinations.2. The moderate intensity of aerobic running can reduce cardiovascular risk and elevate the maximam safety of exercise in people who appeared exercise cardiovascular risk. Tai Chi and running are beneficial to increase CRF, but the enhancement is higher in running. There are no health and pulmonary ventilation function improvement differences in three exercises, the cardiac systolic and diastolic function increase in Tai Chi and high volume running are higher than low volume running. |
