The Development History Of Natural Medicine Transform To Chemical Medicine

Natural medicines are in the strict sense of coming from all creatures in nature (Including plants, animals, minerals Marine microorganism, etc), mainly on plants, which have clear effective active of single or multi-component chemical composition material.The conversion of natural medicine to chemical medicine has experienced a long and complex exploring process, but there is no report on the history of its’development.In this paper, we elaborate the above historical process by studying the literatures. Firstly, we review and summarize the pharmaceutical development of ancient, modern and contemporary of Chinese and foreign countries. Secondly, we expound that chemical medicine has experienced the processes from coarse to fine, from blind to conscious, from empirical test to scientific and reasonable design on the basis of Chinese, Arab and European’s alchemy. Namely, discovery, development and design run through the whole course of the development of chemical medicine. Finally, this paper introduces the development of natural drugs from extraction to synthetic process bases on the four typical drugs, Morphine, quinine, camptothecin, lentils alkali and its derivatives, which reveals the chemical, pharmaceutical chemistry and related disciplines have great contribution to the development of medicine, and has a good reference value for the study of new drugs.Conclusion:1. The reason that the transformation of natural drugs to the chemical is the limitations of natural drugs and advantage of chemical drugs. Otherwise, natural medicine need to inherited develop together with chemical medicine.2. The reason of chemical drugs were emerged in Europe are as following:(1) Greek academic tradition has internal relation with modern arosed science.(2) The Renaissance opened up a physiological chemistry discipline.(3) The joint point of actively exploration of researchers and social needs is the precious experience of long-time use of major drug.3The trasformation from natural medicine to chemical medicine has historical inevitability...