Effect Of ADIPOQ, UCP1 And FGF21 Variations On Growth And Carcass Muscle Traits In Sheep

In this study, a total of nine breeds, including Merino, Texel, Dorset Down, New Zealand Romney, Suffolk, Corriedale, Dorper, Perendale and Tibetan sheep, were used to look for genetic variation in sixteen regions from the ADIPOQ, UCP1 and FGF21 genes, using Polymerase Chain Reaction Single-Stranded Conformational Polymorphism(PCR-SSCP) technology. For these higher polymorphism regions, such as exon 1 of ADIPOQ, the promoter of UCP1 and exon 3 of FGF21, about 1200 NZ Romney lambs from different sire-lines were used to analysed the association between genetic variation or haplotype and growth traits and carcass muscle traits. The main results show as follows:1. Polymorphism of ovine ADIPOQ, UCP1 and FGF21(1) In the promoter of ovine ADIPOQ, four different PCR-SSCP patterns(A1-D1) and seven SNPs were detected. In the exon 2 region, four different patterns(A2-D2) and six SNPs were detected. In the exon 3-1 region, three different patterns(A3-C3) and three SNPs were detected. In the exon 3-2 and 3’UTR region, two different patterns(A4-B4 and A5-B5) and two SNPs and one SNP were observed, respectively. In total, nineteen SNPs were detected, with two(c.46T/C and c.515G/A) putatively resulting in amino acid changes(p.Tyr16 His and p.Lys172Arg).(2) In the promoter 1 region of ovine UCP1, six different PCR-SSCP patterns(A1-F1) and twelve SNPs were detected. In the promoter 2 region, three different patterns(A2-C2) and two SNPs were detected. In the intron 1-1 region, five different patterns(A3-E3) and eight SNPs were detected. In the intron 5 region, three different patterns(A5-C5) and six SNPs were detected. In the exon 6 region, three different patterns(A6-C6) and two SNPs were detected. In total, thirty SNPs were detected, with one(c.910 G/A) putatively resulting in amino acid changes(p.Ala304Thr).(3) In the promoter 1-exon 1 region of ovine FGF21, two different PCR-SSCP patterns(A1-B1) and two SNPs were detected. In the exon 1-exon-2 region, four different patterns(A2-D2) and six SNPs were detected. In the exon 2 region, two different patterns(A3-B3) and seven SNPs were detected. In the intron 2 region, three different patterns(A4-C4) and three SNPs were detected. In the intron 2-3’UTR region, four different patterns(A5-D5) and four SNPs were detected. In total, twenty-two SNPs were detected, with two(c.161 T/C and c.554 C/T) putatively resulting in amino acid changes(p.Ala54 Val and p.Pro185Leu).2. Effects of ADIPOQ, UCP1 and FGF21 variation on growth traits in NZRomney sheep(1) Allele analysis suggested that allele in the promoter of ADIPOQ just had an effect on tailing weight(P < 0.05), and the absence of allele A1 were trending to be associated with the increased tailing weight. Allele in intron 2 of ADIPOQ had no an effect on growth traits(P > 0.05). Haplotype analysis suggested that haplotype A1-A3 had an effect on pre-weaning growth rate(P < 0.05), and the absence of haplotype A1-A3 were trending to increased pre-weaning growth rate.(2) Allele analysis suggested that allele in the promoter of UCP1 had no an effect on growth traits(P > 0.05). Allele in intron 5 of UCP1 had an effect on birth weight(P < 0.05), and the presence of allele C5 were trending to be increased birth weight. Haplotype analysis suggested that haplotype had no an effect on growth traits(P > 0.05).(3) Allele analysis suggested that allele in exon 3 of FGF21 had no an effect on growth traits(P > 0.05), but genotype of FGF21 had an effect on pre-weaning growth rate(P < 0.05), and the prensence of genotype A5A5 were trending to be increased pre-weaninng weight rate.3. Effects of ADIPOQ, UCP1 and FGF21 variation on carcass muscle traits in NZ Romney sheep(1) Allele A1 in the promoter of ADIPOQ had an effect on hot carcass, leg yield, lion yiel and total yield(P < 0.05). Allele B1 had an effect on leg yield, should yield and proportion of leg yield(P < 0.05). Other allele had no effect on carcass muscle traits(P > 0.05). And the genotype in the promoter had an effect on hot carcass, leg yield, lion yield and total yield(P < 0.05). Allele C3 in intron 2 of ADIPOQ had an effect on GR value(P < 0.05), other allele had no effect on carcass muslcle traits(P > 0.05). The genotype in intron 2 had an effect on GR value(P < 0.05), too. Haplotype A1-A3 of ADIPOQ had an effect on leg yield, lion yiel and total yield(P < 0.05), haplotype A1-C3 had an effect on GR value and proportion of leg yield(P < 0.05), haplotype B1-A3 had an effect on proportion of leg yield and proportion of should yield(P < 0.05). Diplotypes had an effect on hot carcass, leg yield, lion yield and total yield(P < 0.05).(2) Allele B2 in the promoter of UCP1 had an effect on hot carcass(P < 0.05), other allele had no effect on carcass muscle traits(P > 0.05). And the genotype of UCP1 promoter had an effect on hot carcass(P < 0.05), too. Allele and genotype in intron 5 of UCP1 had no effect on carcass muscle traits(P > 0.05). Haplotype A2-B5 had an effect on hot carcass and loin yield(P < 0.05), haplotype C2-C5 had an effect on leg yield(P < 0.05), other haplotype had no effect on carcass muscle traits(P > 0.05).From the above, ADPIQ gene, UCP1 gene and FGF21 gene have abundant polymorphisms, and part of the allele and haplotypes of ADIPOQ gene and UCP1 gene can serve as candicate molecular breeding markers on growth and carcass muscle traits in sheep.