Study On The Seed Yield And Quality Formation And Regulation Of Cistanche Deserticola Ma

Low seed yield and poor seed quality of C.deserticola are the key issues that need to be solved in the current production.However, the material supply potential of H.ammodendron-C.deserticola and the material distribution among H.ammodendron-C.deserticola-C.deserticola seeds are still unclear. This research mainly study on the capsule and seed development of C.deserticola, the material supply potential of H.ammodendron-C.deserticola,the material distribution among H.ammodendron-C.deserticola-C.deserticola seeds and the regulation effects of agronomic measures, to fully tap the material supply potential of H.ammodendron-C.deserticola and reasonable regulation the material distribution of H.ammodendron-C.deserticola-C.deserticola seeds. The main results are as follows:1. The time from flowering to seed maturity of C.deserticola was35d, the color of the seed experienced white, brown and black change. The change progress of seed length and width were parabolic curve, after flowering25d reached the maximum,1.22mm and0.77mm. Seed filling of C.deserticola experienced cumulatively filling stage, rapidly filling stage and moderately filling stage, the rapidly filling stage sustained18d. The change progress of seed embryo length and width were S type curve, after flowering35d reached the maximum,205μm and127μm, at the same time, the cell number and cell contents gradually increased. The change progress of the seed fresh weight per capsule was parabolic curve, after flowering30d reached the maximum0.768g. While the seed dry weight per capsule gradually increased, after flowering35d reached the maximum0.206g. The content of GA change was parabolic curve, after flowering20d, the content of GA reached the maximum39.50ng/g FW. While the content of ABA gradually increased, after flowering35d reached the maximum227.01ng/g FW. After flowering35d, the seed germination rate reached the maximum53.3%.2. The length, width, fresh weight and dry weight per capsule of C.deserticola changes were parabolic curve, after flowering25d, reached the maximum, respectively,17.48mm,12.33mm,1.620g and0.295g. The capsule development of C.deserticola can be divided into three periods, the volume increasing stage, internal filling stage and the stable stage.Compared with the upper part of inflorescence, the proportion of large seeds(>0.7mm) on the middle and lower part of inflorescence increased8.0%and11.5%, at the same time, the1000-grain weight increased18.5%and21.2%,the seed plumpness increased6.7%and8.9%,the seed germination rate increased18.0%and25.3%, which indicated the capsule position was the decisive factors of seed quality.3. The C.deserticola that independent of the host could produce seeds, but the weight of C.deserticola influenced the seed yield and quality. The assimilation of C.deserticola effected the seed development,with the weight of C.deserticola increasing, the accumulation of non-structural carbohydrates increased greatly, improving the material transported to C.deserticola seeds, the seed yield and quality of C. deserticola increased. 4. The assimilation of H.ammodendron that could transport to C.deserticola effected the seed development. After girdling and pruning the root parasitized by C.deserticola, the seed yield of C.deserticola declined17.7%and33.7%, the seed germination rate declined19.3%and22.6%. With the age of H.ammodendron increasing, the accumulation of non-structural carbohydrate of H.ammodendron-C.deserticola, the seed weight and quality of C.deserticola improved.the accumulation of non-structural carbohydrate of C.deserticola seeds per plant that parasitized on H.ammodendron from three to six years old were0.17,0.55,0.82and1.90g, the seed weight of C.deserticola per plant were3.2,9.7,11.8and26.2g, the seed quality improved as well. The material transported to C.deserticola seeds improved after parasitized by C.deserticola. When the H.ammodendron parasitized by four C.deserticola per plant,the accumulation of non-structural carbohydrate and seed weight of C.deserticola seeds reached the maximum4.14g/strain and51.7g/strain.5. Agronomic measures could regulate the growth of H.ammodendron and C.deserticola, which could influence the yield and quality of C.deserticola. Suitable Pruning can stimulate the growth of H.ammodendron-C.deserticola complex.50%Pruning improved the material transported to C.deserticola seeds, the seed weight of C.deserticola increased47.3%and the1000-grain weight increased9.2%. While100%Pruning reduced the material transported to C.deserticola seeds, the seed weight and seed quality declined.The relative water content of70-80%was suitable for C.deserticola seeds production, drought stress suppressed the growth of H.ammodendron-C.deserticola complex, reduced the seed weight and quality of C.deserticola. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer treatments could promote the growth of H.ammodendron-C.deserticola complex and promote the material transported to C.deserticola seeds, N2P2K2treatment (N:9.7g/strain, P2O5:3.6g/strain, K2O:13.5g/strain) was the best, the seed weihgt improved111.9%and the seed germination improved23.7%. Early flowering stage topping could improve the seed weight and quality of C.deserticola, the seed weight improved18.2%and the seed germination rate improved15.4%.