Theory Of Transport Efficiency Of Urban Rail Transit Network

The improvement of efficiency is the basic impetuses to promote human’s progress. Human have been trying to use various methods to improve the efficiency of social productive activities for thousands of years, and transportation activities also pursue higher efficiency endlessly. It is proved that developing the urban rail transit (URT) is the key to solve the traffic problem in big cities. The scale and the developing speed of URT in China has ranked the first place in the world and the efficiency of the urban rail has raised wide concern. However, the research on the essence and the calculation of transportation efficiency of URT in terms of system. This thesis focuses on the transportation efficiency of the URT network, trying to reveal the essence and the law of the transportation efficiency and optimize it.Firstly, put forward the theory of transportation efficiency framework based on the general concept of efficiency and the problems facing in China. Secondly, analyze the balanced between passenger flow and capacity which are the key impact factors of transportation efficiency. The shadow efficiency theory and the efficiency evaluation and optimization measures based on simulation is proposed. Finally, the empirical study on Beijing URT validates the feasibility of the optimization strategies. Main content includes:(1) The theory of transportation efficiency of URT network. This thesis defines the concept of transportation efficiency, builds up the three level theory, including capacity output efficiency, capacity utilization efficiency and demand meeting efficiency, analyzes the essence and the characteristics of the transportation efficiency as well as the impact factors. The efficiency evaluation and calculation measures are proposed in terms of system optimization. Based on the optimization strategy set, the validation for these strategy with simulation is put forward.(2)The interaction balance between capacity and passenger flow. Efficiency can be taken as the satisfaction with traffic supply and the traffic demand. This thesis analyzes the interaction among passenger flow, capacity and efficiency and discusses how to improve the efficiency qualitatively, including the connotation of capacity and efficiency, coordination and bottle neck on capacity and the capacity influenced by uncertainty passenger flow.(3) Shadow efficiency theory. This thesis analyzes the concept and influence factors of shadow efficiency and gives out the calculation methods which are illustrated with economics and application fields. The "double time penalty" method to measure efficiency is proposed.(4)Transportation efficiency optimization simulation. This thesis introduces an optimization method based on simulation, which contains the framework and the function of simulation system and the strategies for the efficiency optimization, including the one single optimization strategy and the combinatorial optimization strategy based on DEA model.(5) Transportation efficiency optimization for Beijing URT. This thesis based on the characteristics of Beijing URT and put forward the optimization strategies which may improve the efficiency of Beijing URT. According to the one single optimization strategy, this study finds out the most effective strategies and put forward the combinatorial optimization strategy and the results are analyzed with DEA methods. Finally, this study explores the rule of transportation efficiency optimization for Beijing URT.The innovation point of this thesis are stated as below:(1)The theory framework of transportation efficiency of URT network. This study gives out the concept of transportation efficiency and the three level theory, summarizes the connotation and characteristics of transportation efficiency, analyzes the influences factors.(2)This thesis deeply analyzes the interaction between the capacity, passenger flow and transportation efficiency. This study recognizes the bottleneck of the network capacity and dismisses it with the analysis of macro-micro influence factors. This study discusses the passenger characteristics and influence factors, especially for the adaptive phenomenon of frequent passenger. Based on the influence of passenger uncertainty for capacity, this study gives out the corresponding measures such as passenger post-evaluation and compensation.(3)Shadow efficiency theory. This thesis gives out shadow efficiency theory creatively. The concept of shadow efficiency is the shadow utility based on passenger and capacity, which combines the passenger, capacity and efficiency effectively. And this study proposes the calculation method for shadow efficiency and it can be applied in real condition. The "double time penalty" method is used to measure efficiency.(4)Transportation efficiency optimization. This thesis introduces the transportation efficiency optimization strategy and simulation method. After summarizing the existing efficiency optimization strategies, this study proposes the one single optimization strategy and the combinatorial optimization strategy based on DEA model. Both of these models are applied for Beijing URT to validate the feasibility and the rules for transportation efficiency optimization are proposed.