Analysis Of Landscape Ecological Mechanism Of Watershed Floods And Study On Quantitative Control Mode

With the rapid growth of economy and accelerated development of urbanization, urban floods disasters are becoming more serious and continuing to show an upward tendency. According to the ecological disaster prevention functions of watershed system, the preliminary relationships of watershed landscape topography, energy dissipation and disaster prevention are explored. Based on the landscape ecology theories and quantitative assessment method of landscape characteristic indicators, combined with the river dynamic geomorphology, hydrology, and estuaries, coastal dynamics, by transdisciplinary research approach, the relation between geomorphologic structure of river basin and hydro-ecological function and landscape ecological mechanism of urban floods are analyzed from upstream, midstream to estuaries bay of River. From different levels, the relevance between floods disasters and fractal characteristics of water system is discussed. And impacts of river flat shape, geomorphology complexity of the shore on functions of disaster prevention are analyzed. Changes of the landscape structure caused by urbanization and relationship of rainfall-runoff are studied; Thus, Macro-law of the estuary bay landscape geomorphic characteristics and tidal energy dissipation are revealed, and comprehensive model of tidal range reduction rate and landscape feature quantitative indicators is established. Finally, from the perspective of comprehensive ecological disaster prevention of watershed, theories of integrated watershed ecological disaster prevention are proposed and quantitative regulation modes are made used for landscape ecological planning and ecological reclamation. Combined success cases on ecological planning and ecological reclamation from domestic and international, landscape ecological planning and ecological restoration techniques for river disaster prevention are discussed, and measures of ecological conservation, ecological compensative drainage systems, coastal shoreline ecological reclamation and quantitative control are studied. Also, it provides the scientific ways and basis for the watershed disaster prevention and mitigation and ecological reclamation of our country.