Theoretical Studies On Costs And Transaction Of Active Power Ancillary Services

Costs and earings of trading commodities make the central points that market traders pay close attention to in ancillary service market. So the primary questions to be solved are how to determine the costs of ancillary services, and what means of transactions are reasonable and feasible. The main aspects involved in solving the above questions are to determine the root cause of costs and feasible quantification methods, and transaction subjects and transaction methods are chosen with special focus and aims. But costs and transaction modes of several of ancillary services are very different. Therefore, a relative systemic research is made in the paper. The mainly works and results are presented as follows:1. The implementation process of AGC(automatic generation control) is as the framework, the costs of AGC are researched from the perspective of the power-station and the dispatch. Then quantification methods are applied to calculate the costs. These costs include not only hardware and software costs related to the AGC operation, but also some costs which will appear only in the market environment, such as dispatch costs and opportunity costs, and other costs which derive from the real-time supply of AGC, such as the operation costs and control costs etc. The analysis provides the evidence for the related research which is based on AGC costs.2. In light of area power market with regional electric network as its carrier, and based on the history AGC demand curve and the composition of AGC costs, and the paper brings forward three AGC costs allocation indexes to describe the responsibility of each area for the AGC demand of the customer side. The strategy can allocate the costs among responsibilities reasonable, which will simulate loads to improve operating characteristics and reduce the AGC demand.3. A feasible scheduling strategy of AGC capacity is proposed. It is based on the AGC costs and the foundation of units being dispatched is designed on the shadow prices of AGC electricity of units scheduled and the equilibrium of the shadow prices. The numerical experiment indicates that the strategy can allocate real-time AGC scheduled electricity among units fairly and reasonably, which can ensure the system perform reliably, securely, and economically. 4. The market trading mechanism of steam turbines taking part in peak shaving operation is proposed for the awkward current situation that there is a shortage in peaking capacity in our country while part of steam turbines constructed in earlier years are idle. In accordance with two different management systems, the paper investigates how to reasonably determine several key factors, such as the trading mechanism, etc. So the power system can share the revenue with ISO and customer.5. A global optimization approach is presented for the optimal dispatch of several ancillary services. It is based on the interchangeability between different ancillary services which are comparable in quality, the best quality ancillary service is first met as various of ancillary service are bidding in the same time. Case studies show that the method is effective and practical, and can save more comparing with the sequential method.The reaearch of the paper shows that the cost study of ancillary services can decrease the demand, and realize the economic dispatch of ancillary services. The costs can be shared between causers fairly. The reasonable trading patterns can arrive the win-win situation.