Research On Landscape Pattern Of Beijing-Hangzhou Ground Canal From Hydrology Perspective

Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is a magnificent project in ancient China, whichenjoys equal popularity with the Great Wall. Moreover, it is also one of the oldest,longest and largest canals in the world. In one hand, after having gone through2500years and witnessed many changes in politics, society and sense of value, it hasobvious time characteristics. On the other hand, because of linking the north andsouth sides of China and spanning Hai River, Yellow River, Huai River, Yangtze Riverand Qiantang River, it also has varied and complicated landscape spatial form.Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, as an important heritage, is of great value, manyattentions have been paid to it. However, previous studies ignored the interactionrelationship between the canal landscape features and hydro-geological conditions.The facets leading to the evolution of the Grand Canal and the environment conceptsof the ancient scholars to harness the Canal have still not been revealed. Moreover,research on its form and features is still a blank. Therefor based on river chroniclesand historical records, this dissertation studies and tries to reveal the landscape pattern,features and the facets which result in the landscape succession of the Grand Canal bycomprehensive using the related theories such as landscape ecology, hydraulics andculture geography, in order to further fully understand Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canaland provide some more scientific references for the canal heritage protection.This dissertation is divided into two major parts. The first part focuses on therelationship between the layout of the Grand Canal and human geography. It explainsthe process of the Ground Cananl transformation from the founding phase ofdispersed growth under the background of war in the early stage of the feudal society,the forming phase of joining up under the background of unity in the mid-stage to theprosperity phase. Moreover, the author further analyzes the location, layout featuresand evolution of the whole Canal correspond to national politics and economicpattern.The second part respectively researches on the major four sections of the Grand Canalbased on the hydrological analysis and the quantitative analysis method of landscaperesources applied in landscape ecology. It clarifies the relationship between the watersystems distributed along the Grand Canal and the Grand Canal itself, and pays moreattentions to the landscape spatial morphology. Moreover, through converting thespace forms of the ground canal in different historical periods into the metrizable network structure indicators, this paper reveals the canal landscape pattern featuresand the significant facets that decide the development trends of the Grand Canallandscape.Meanwhile, with the analyses of the change in natural geographical environment, theauthor also discusses the planning principle, measures and concepts to control theGrand Canal. Based on the above mentioned research, this dissertation can perfect theGrand Canal heritage protection system and play guidance function in the Canalprotection project.