The Design And Performance Research Of Bio-macromolecular Crystallography Beamline At The BSRF

With the special and outstanding performance, synchrotron radiation plays a more and more important role in modern science and technology research. In the forefront research of many fields, synchrotron radiation experiment, which is almost one of the more important methods, has obtained a lot of creative research work. The application of synchrotron radiation in the structure biology is one of the successful examples. To be the light source of the X-ray diffraction experiments, synchrotron radiation has obtained a number of macromolecular structures, which cannot be got from the routine X-ray, and promotes the structure biology a lot. The beamline is the very facility which transfers the synchrotron radiation from source to experiment stations and makes necessary transformation to the radiation during the process. However the beamline design is a complicated technology, including physic, optics, mechanism, material, radiation shielding, vacuum and so on.In this thesis it mainly described the demand of the X-ray diffraction of the protein crystals、the principle of the beamline design、and the construction and adjustment of the beamline.In the first part, synchrotron radiation and its optics performances have be presented, which are the base of the beamline design. Multiple wavelength abnormal diffraction (MAD) also has been introduced for the optical performance design.In the second part, several synchrotron radiation sources are compared to fit the macromolecular beamline, such as the difference between the bend magnet source and wiggler source, and the choice of the period numbers of the wiggler.In the third part, I give a general description and the performance design of the optics in the beamline, including the double crystal monochromator, collimator mirror and the toroidal mirror. A conclusion is given by ray tracing using the computer.In the fourth part, I simulate the performance of the beamline in the parasitical mode. To compare with the isochronous mode, we could know if the MAD experiments could be carried out in the parasitical mode.In the fifth part, the beamline adjustment has been described step by step. And then we get the actual performance of the beamline.In the final part, some easy design of the undulator has been calculated in condition of the 5 GeV electronic energy and low emittance.