| Clothing, food, shelter and transportation are the basic needs of people for living and the textile industry bears the brunt. With the world’s population rapid growing, the demand for textiles has been increasing rapidly. The quality arable land in the whole world is about1.35billion hm2, and about10million hm2arable lands have been given up every year due to severe degradation, so the quality of arable land per capita is less than0.25hm2. While the premise of ensuring food security for the textile raw materials continue to reduce the land area; and used to replace natural fibers for textile and chemical fiber fossil fuels will be depleted in about100years later, it must find sustainable human development in the textile fiber material. Kosteletzkya virginica is a salt-tolerant plant, which can grow in harsh ecological coastal saline soil of high salinity, not fighting with the food land, not only improve the coastal saline ecosystem, but also because its bast contains rich cellulose and can be used to develop a textile fiber. Therefore, the application of the bast fiber of seashore mallow in the textile industry is a good choice for the development of saline agriculture ecosystems and eco-textile industry system.Goal of this study is to explore Kosteletzkya virginica bast fiber in the growth pattern, proven the bast fiber structure and properties. In this paper, chemical degumming, high temperature and pressure degumming and ultrasonic degumming process are used for Kosteletzkya virginica bast fiber, especially for high temperature and pressure degumming orthogonal process is obtained. Then the bast fiber properties such as length, fineness, thermal properties, moisture absorption, mechanical properties, dyeing properties and so on are tested and analyzed, and these performance indicators are compared with those of cotton, hemp and other fibers commonly used to prove the bast fiber as a good fiber for textiles. Finally the application of bast fiber is put forward and its ecological engineering evaluation is described. Main contents and conclusions are as follows:(1) Through determination of the bast of Kosteletzkya virginica, the chemical composition of bast is tested, which fat waxy accounted for4.02%, water-soluble material for6.64%, pectin for18.50%, hemicellulose for22.33%, lignin for8.78%, ash for4.98%, cellulose for39.73%; the metal elements in various parts of the bast showed that the general law is the metal content in shoot>that in root>that in stem.(2) Through the bast fiber biomass measurements, it is showed that bast accounted for13-17%of stem; single cell bast fiber length for1.5-8mm, the fineness of the central for10-15microns, spindle-shaped, the surface of a small amount of cross striation.(3) The optimized process of high temperature and pressure degumming im the first stage follows as NaOH:20g/L, temperature:130℃, time:60min, urea:1.5g/L; second degumming process as H202:15g/L, temperature:95℃, time:80min, pH:8. After degumming, the fiber content of each component:0.25%for total fat waxy,3.58%for water-soluble material,0.73%for pectin,10.05%for hemicellulose a12.44%for lignin,3.28%for ash and cellulose accounted for72.95%; high temperature and pressure degumming and ultrasonic degumming can effectively reduce the amount of alkali, to improve the efficiency of degumming. By contrast retting anti-adhesion measures, we can see the use of scouring enzyme, can increase the fiber degumming rate, but will also prevent the adhesion retting fibers, sixteen LAS also has a similar function.(4) By its degree of polymerization and molecular weight determination, we can see the degree of polymerization of Kosteletzkya virginica complete degumming up to519similar to cottonseed meal; through its infrared spectrum, we can see its spectral similarity with the cotton fiber, the substances are mainly cellulose I; Through its XRD patterns, we can see the crystallinity of69%, slightly higher than cotton; through its SEM test analysis shows a clear bump its vertical slot, leaving irregular oval cross-section shape.(5) By its fineness and length measurement and analysis, we can see the two indicators showed a definite correlation, the greater the fiber fineness process, the length of the longer; by testing its DSC-TGA analysis, we can see it has good thermal stability; through its moisture absorption and desorption properties and wicking test, we can see that it has superior moisture absorption than cotton; by the mechanical properties of the test analysis, we can see that it has relatively high initial modulus of cotton fiber in the pull extension at break show some brittle nature; through performance testing shows that its radiation in the1200-1300MHz frequency range with good shielding effectiveness; through its dyeing properties testing, we can see the dye in the case of direct dyes, the uptake rate increased as the temperature rises; using reactive red X-3B dye Kosteletzkya virginica bast fiber at a temperature less than35℃, the uptake rate with increasing dyeing temperature, when the temperature is more than35℃, with the temperature rising, the bast fiber dyeing rate increase is not significant; using reactive B-2BF be stained,, the dyeing rate increases with the temperature rising, at65℃uptake rate value of the highest, and then gradually decreased. Dynamic test results showed that the staining of Kosteletzkya virginica bast fiber at75℃, is about1.21times as much as that at60℃, at45℃about dyeing rate constant is1.58times; at75℃under the bast of Kosteletzkya virginica fiber dyeing time was less than half at60℃and45℃for half dyeing time, the full description will help improve the high temperature dyeing rate; different dyeing temperatures, direct dye4BS dyed fiber color characteristic value K/S,△E with dyeing temperature gradually increased increased, but the L*as the dyeing temperature decreased; soaping fastness tests show that after the high-temperature dyeing, soaping fastness ia better than sample dyed at low-temperature.(6) In this paper, the applications of Kosteletzkya virginica bast fiber have been forecasted. As the bast fiber has excellent moisture absorption and desorption and thermal comfort performance of the wet, it can be used as the development of grass cloth. By the bast fiber pure spinning, or blended spinning with cotton, wool, silk and chemical fiber, on one hand it can improve the performance of its textile technology, on the other hand, it can also be integrated to improve the quality of yarn and fabric; as the bast fiber has good thermal stability and rugged appearance similar to linen, it can be used to produce sofa, wall covering, curtains and other upholstery fabrics; the bast fiber is similar to hemp fiber performance and can be used to produce reinforced composite materials. So the bast fiber has broad application prospects.(7) This paper initially built to economic, social and ecological benefits-based evaluation system of ecological engineering, the use of AHP Kosteletzkya virginica bast fiber of ecological engineering for evaluation. The bast fiber development and utilization of coastal beach ecosystems to achieve improvement and the reclamation of saline soil and lay a solid foundation; to promote agricultural restructuring and growth patterns; to promote the upgrading of the company’s products, to produce the green textiles; to lead farmers for employment and income rising. All these provide a new way for the sustainable development of coastal areas.The innovation of this paper is to Kosteletzkya virginica bast fiber for the study, with the principles of industrial ecology as a guide, designed the bast fiber as the core of eco-industrial system, its growth and development, degumming process and structure and properties the coupling, a significant rise in the bast fiber in the industry use the system value. |
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