Studying On Degumming Process And Research Of Structure And Properties Of Mulberry Fiber

The history of mulberry planting and silkworm breeding is centuries-old in our country , the outcome and export quantum of the silk are the first in the world for a long time .The kind of mulberry is various ,there are lots of mulberry in our country .The bast of mulberry branches can be utilized. When people plant mulberry and breed silkworm, a great deal of mulberry branches are clipped out . Those branches are used as firewood and the material of paper now, this is a kind of waste of resources .As a kind of no pollution and degradable pollutant fiber, the exploitation of mulberry will accord with the world's current and adapt well to people 's requisition for enjoying life, which is of real significance.In this paper, the categories, growing period and branch's structure of mulberry are given .On the basis of chemical component analysis, the compare was made between mulberry bast and others. The chemical degumming process of mulberry bast is discussed .The techniques and parameters of degumming are: made out .At last, the basic physical properties of degummed mulberry fiber and the structure of single fiber are studied .The conclusions were drawn as follows:1. Mulberry fiber is bundle fiber in branches just like the same bast fibers.2. The quantities of the chemical component in mulberry bast are different from those in others. The percent of cellulose is 32.48% the percent of pectin is 26.37%.3. Because the mulberry that were used had not the process of scraping green ramie bast, the chemical degumming process of mulberry may take such a process route: sample preparation--acid steeping ----washing --first alkali liquor degumming --washing --secondalkali liquor degumming--washing--beating--acid washing--washing--dehydration--oiling--dehydration--loosing --drying .4. In first alkali liquor degumming, the single factor experiments were carried on the time of alkali boiling and the density of alkali .The result shows that the two factors all have a notable influence on the degumming.5. Through the result of a experiment, the best parameters were made out in the second alkali liquor degumming. Those parameters are as follows :the density of alkali is 14.5909g/L ,the time of alkali boiling is 96.0360mins ,and the percent of sodium phosphate tribasic is 5.5095%.6. Through the studies on different growing period of mulberry, the result show that the growing period of mulberry has an influence on the mulberry degumming and the properties of the degummed fiber.7. The degummed mulberry fiber is thin enough for weaving, but the length is a little shorter .The gotten fiber has a low moisture regain ,a poor intensity and a good elongation .8. The mulberry fiber's photos of the optical microscope and scanning electron microscope were studied .The result is that single mulberry fiber is, slightness with two blunt ends, and the section is oval structure, and some enfolding crannies are on the fiber .The lumen is found in the fiber. The parts in the fiber fibrillate obviously and the theca of gum exist on the ektexine of the fiber.9. The typical group of mulberry is similar to cellulose fibers and the crystal is about 60.26%.On the basis of this paper, the author think that mulberry fiber as a new plant bast fiber is worthy to utilize, but the lower percent of cellulose will increase the cost of exploitation .