Research On The Abnormal Electromagnetic Behavior And Application Of The Indefinite Media

The anisotropic electromagnetic （EM） property of the materials usually brings inmany extraordinary phenomena when the EM wave propagates in these mateirals.Among of them, indefinite medium, due to its strong anisotropy, can realize an allangle negative refraction of the EM wave and support the propagation of theevanescent waves, which is of significant value for the scientific research and potentialapplications, and has attracted much attention in the world. So far, the research on theindefinite media mainly focuses on the fabrication of the metamaterial with indefinitedielectric tensor and its negative refraction behavior, with the main application as ahyperlens whose resolution can break through the diffraction limit. In this dissertation,the abnormal EM behaviors in the natural indefinite media with layered crystalstructure and metamaterial of indefinite permeability produced by the magneticresonance unite are studied theoretically and experimentally. Additionally, three noveloptical devices are designed based on the indefinite media. The key findings andinnovation points of this dissertation are as follows:An all angle negative refraction is realized by natural materials for the first time.Firstly, indefinite permittivity in the single crystalline graphite and MgB₂are studiedand all angle negative refractions in these two materials are verified by ellipsometerexperimentally. Secondly, by analyzing the reflection spectra of the cuprates andRuddlesden-Popper materials of Sr^+iRu^Os^+i, indefinite permittivities are found andthe anticipated negative refraction frequency regions are computed in these material.Finally, the natural indefinite mechanism is derived, summarized and classified basedon all the known natural indefinite media currently.A new method of refraction behavior exploration is proposed based on theellipsometry. In contrast to the traditional measurement by transmission, this methodavoids the scale constraints in the optical measurement, which is quite easy tomanipulate. It has been used to verify the negative refraction behavior in the singlecrystalline graphite and MgB₂A low loss negative refraction is realized by a metamateiral with an indefinitepermeability. A metamaterial of closely arranged SRRs arrays is fabricated and the negative refraction behavior in the metamaterial is observed experimentally. Thereflection and transmission properties are analyzed according to the experiment results.Moreover, the coupling effect in the closely arranged SRRs array is derived by theclassic electromagnetism, which explains the low loss effect of the metamateiral.The idea of improving the conventional birefringence crystal based optical devicesthough the strong anisotropy of the indefinite medium is proposed and is used to designan eiffcient polarization beam splitter with large splitting angle. Additionally, indefinitemedia with extremely strong anisotropy are used to control the propagation of theelectromagnetic wave. Compared with the contemporary metamateiral obtained by thetransformation optics, the structure of the indefinite medium is simple and homogenous,which is feasible to realize by the current technology.