The Quantum Nature Of Surface Plasmon Polaritons

Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are an electromagnetic excitation propagating along the interface between a conductor and a dielectric median, SPPs are collective charge oscillations, Most of its phenomenon can be deal with by classical Maxwell electromagnetic field theory.Recently, many experiments verifying plasmons also have rich quantum effect. For example the experiment found the surface plasmon pelaritons can assistance entangled photon pairs transmit and quadrature squeezing surface plasmon polaritons can be efficient generation, propagation, and reemission. These experiments show SPPs’s application prospect in quantum information.This thesis research quantum nature of surface plasmon polaritons and hope to research its application in quantum communication and quantum information processing. So in chapter two we introduce the characteristics of quantum entanglement and its application in quantum communication, in chapter three introduce electromagnetic field quantization method, quantization electromagnetic properties and heat bath theory in quantum optics by which we reseach the quantization and quantum nature of SPPs. In chapter four we introduce the classical theory of surface plasmon polaritons, and special discuss the extraordinary optical transmission through sub-wavelength hole arrays. Chapter five is the most important part in the thesis, we fully elaborate the quantum nature of surface plasmon polaritons and introduce our innovative work.The following is innovative achievements: 1. we first introduce the description method of squeezed surface plasmons similar to optical squeezed state,2. calculate the transmission of squeezed surface plasmons in a gold waveguide and discuss the influence of waveguide losses on the squeezed surface plasmons by means of heat bath theory in quantum optics.3. In addition, Feigenbaum and Orentein proposed SPPs can form spatial solitons in the process of transmission in2007. this soliton should also in quantum state and its description should use quantum theory. In this article we establish quantum field equations of SPPs solitons (a quantum nonlinear Schrodinger equation with loss) using the basic processing method of quantum optics by which we can dicuss various quantum effects of SPPs solitons at the interface of metal and dielectric, liking avalanches and regeneration effect.This result have important significance for understand physical properties and application of SPPs, especially its application in quantum computing and quantum communication...