Study On Financial Policies For Modern Forestry Development

Forestry is regarded as a basic industry and a public welfare undertaking in the process of sustainable social and economic development, contributing to the main body of the ecological construction. With the rapid and sound growth of China's economy and the increasing improvement of people's life, together with the needs rising in the fight against climate change, the growing attention has been given to the role of forestry which is becoming more and more important at home and the global focus as well. The Chinese government has been attaching greater importance to forestry development. The first national forestry conference was held by the Central Committee recently in which the role of forestry was further clarified and bestowed a significant mission. It is stated that forestry in China is of a significant position in the implementation of sustainable development strategy, a primary position in ecological improvement, a basic position in the western region development program and a special position in the fight against the climate change. It is further realized that forestry development is an integrated part in attainment of scientific development, a top priority in ecological improvement, a strategic choice in response to climate change and an important approach in tackling the issues related to countryside, agriculture and farmers.In view of this situation, forestry should satisfy the needs of social and economic development at the new stage by appropriately adjusting the development thinking and strategic pattern. Development of modern forestry should be put on the top in the current forestry work agenda and the general objective in building of ecological culture. Furthermore, establishment of strategic pattern for China's forestry development should meet the requirements that its development is in a scientific way. The financial policy of forestry is the important guarantee for development of modern forestry, providing a base for the transition from traditional forestry into modern one. Therefore, it is taken as a significant theme in the new times to promote the transition process from old development pattern to the new one, to improve financial system in supporting forestry and to play fully the role of financial system in accelerating modern forestry development.Based on the study of applied theory of modern forestry development, the theory and the system related to the public finance as well as China's financial policies, the essay firstly analyzes and evaluates the effectiveness of the current financial policies of forestry, and clearly points out the difficulties and issues that the policies are facing and the aspects the policies not adapted to the needs of modern forestry development. Secondly, the essay analyzes and makes an overall assessment of the financial policies of forestry in other countries and proposes the relevant policies China should learn from. Thirdly, on a basis of the study of the establishment and development trend of public financial system, the essay analyzes the relationship between the modern forestry development and the public financial system and makes a judgment on the trend of future development of forestry in that forestry would become society-oriented sector by providing more and more public services to satisfy the social needs. As a result, forestry would be increasingly dependent on the responsibilities of governmental institutions, i.e. the public financial resource distribution. Fourthly, based on the research on various theories and case study, as well as on the comparison of experiences at home and abroad, the essay provides the guidance and basic principles for establishment of the financial policy framework and the system to adapt to the needs of modern forestry development, further proposes the relevant establishment framework, implementation mechanism and policies in developing financial policies adapted to modern forestry, so as to establish the reference for formulating national macro financial policies.Moreover, based on the summary of the research findings in the past and the scientific assessment of the latest results, the essay clarifies the key research focuses.By studying the applied theory of modern forestry development, the essay makes an objective assessment of the nature, characteristics, main tasks and significant achievements of modern forestry. By the comparative study of the financial policies of forestry in other countries and combined with lessons gained and issues emerging from in the process of China's reform and opening-up in the past three decades, the essay summarizes the general theories and practices in the research on China's modern forestry, the implementation of the existing financial policies as well as the interaction between the financial policies and modern forestry. Also, the essay analyzes systematically the objectives and approaches of China's modern forestry development, studies the changes and trends in the needs of modern forestry for the public financial system, and further explores the possibilities of establishing public financial system and mechanism which are adapted to and provide strong supports to modern forestry development, so as to achieve more steady, better and more efficient forestry development which would fit in the public financial system, contribute to form the stable investment channel for establishment of supporting and guaranteeing system for building and improvement of forest ecology, forestry industry and forest ecological culture. Furthermore, based on the analysis of lessons from forestry development in other countries, the essay provides reference for implementation, improvement and decision-making of China's financial policies of forestry. The major conclusions of the essay are summarized as follow:(1) The financial policies of forestry are important in ensuring the development of modern forestry and serves as the foundation in the process of transition from the traditional forestry to the modern one. With the multi-objectives and sustainable management as the basis, the modern forestry is characterized by fully playing multi-functions of forestry to satisfy the increasing demands of society. The modern forestry attaches much importance to provision of public goods and services and the inner link between public financing and modern forestry lies on the increasing social welfare.(2) The financial policies in both developed and developing countries shares wide consistence, both characterized by establishment of long-term development strategy, clarified objectives, measures to be adopted suitable for the reality and targeting directly to the existing issues. These experiences and practices are significant in the efforts of China to accelerate the modern forestry construction and form the efficient financial system, mechanism and policies to support forestry.(3) Through the deeper research on the status, achievements as well difficulties and issues in the financial policies of forestry, the author believes that the policy framework for financial system of forestry has been basically established. However, there exists inadequacies in the current financial policies of forestry and should be further improved. It is suggested that the adjustment and improvement of the current financial policies of forestry should be based on the changes of the modern forestry's needs for the public financing system through rational and efficient approaches.(4) Based on the analysis of development objectives and implementation approaches of modern forestry, the author proposes the principles and theories for establishing financial policy framework for modern forestry development. With the changing needs of modern forestry as a basic point, the author further analyzes the financial needs of modern forestry and the capabilities of national and public resources to provide supports to forestry development. Meanwhile, the general ideas, the implementation mechanisms and countermeasures are suggested to establish financial policies for modern forestry development.