Research On Ministry Of Railways In Peroid Of National Government

System factors on the socio-economic development have an important impact; in particular, it is essential to economic development for reasonable and effective system. As a system innovation ,Ministry of Railways was the protagonist of modern rail system , how did impact on a modern chinese railways? In this paper, the author would describe the existence of Ministry of Railways of the system before and after nearly a decade building and policy attempt to draw the appropriate conclusions by history, political science, history and economics, such as the system of multi-disciplinary perspective.The author apple institution change in the full text,research from four part:the system changes , the system construction, e system's efficiency and comments .The system changes that it draws on history factor ,the establishment of the Ministry of Railways,the development of the Ministry of Railways and the accompliment and cause of the Ministry of Railways. The authour considered it should be adapted to China's social and economic development, and linked with the historical trend, also at the same time learned from the impact of alien civilizations and meeted the demands of politics. The developmentt of the Ministry of Railways experienced Sun Ke,Gumen Yu and Zhangji Ao three time period in ten years. The Ministry of Railways was mergered in the reason for politics and the action decline double factor.The system construction that it draws from the personnel level, institutional level and the rule of law level and analysised the the efforts and effectiveness. Specifically, in the personnel level, the Ministry of Railways constructed personnel,Yucai ,labour and personnel management of railway administration ,the agencies were responsible for personnel management, Scheduled account of personnel, salary,welfare and the institution of personnel management.But the personnel management still complicated, personnel of railway administration also was uncontrolled;In the system of the Ministry of Construction, Ministry of Railways is divided into four central Agencies,two Offices, local agencies included the countries of the Railway Authority, the Management Committee and Works Bureau and the communication University,etc.From Ministry of Railways to railway administration formed perfect organizational system and ensured the normal operation of the railway system. However the organizational system is too heterogeneous and scope of power is decentrial,sub office railway administration in management was disadvantages; Ministry of Railways constructed a series of perfect laws and rules in law level,had a basic law and all aspects of rail regulation.The law system had the accumulation of quantity and a qualitative leap in Ministry of Railways period. However, the railway the rule of law did not effectively carried out due to the "strong society" and the impact of conflicts of interest.The system's efficiency the author research from restored old railways and the road planning and construction.In initial period, the first task was to proceed with the restoration for severals the brink of bankruptcy railways. Sun Ke proposed "administrative unity"and "fiscal independence" as the principles of restored old railways . Ministry of Railways improved the management system, developed and spreaded railway business,finished the debt and routes. It got certain positive results that the railway management had been concentrated and improved the effective of railway opertion. But at the same time Ministry of Railways was also bounded by the landlord forces other departments , interests problem was important factor. In the road planning and construction the context, Sun Ke proposed a large plan for road by using the Boxer Indemnity and tariffs in 1929,With the domestic economy and the international political environment, the plan was adjusted by Ministry of Railways.In Zhanji Ao period , the war approaching, Ministry of Railways planed "five-year railway construction projects" to adpat to the requirements of the National Government.The plan expressed that Ministry of Railways political objectives are beyond the economic objectives,as the same time Ministry of Railways played a important pole in anti-Japanese War.The construction of Ministry of Railways brought a ray of hope for modern China's railway.It improved management efficiency,railways construction and operational efficiency .Railway as pioneer developing wealth resoures, Cultivating Political power weapon,building defense import tools,drived modern industrial and agricultural economic development and change,burdened the the historical mission for preparing and resistance in anti-Japanese War.Ministry of Railways was mergered because of wartime control and it's status weaken,it's insititutions shortcomings isn't important factor ,it's history envirnment is main reason. The end of the Ministry of Railways ,it doesn't mean Ministry of Railways is fail or success.From a historical perspective, a appropriate historical location. Between success and failure we can't arbitrary answers, development and no development is most appropriately evaluated.