Study About Support Of The Public Finance And Agricultural Policy-oriented Finance For Grain Security And Increase Of Grain Farmers Income

Agriculture has a prominent strategic position in our national economic and social development. It is the basic industry that and also the mother industry. However,the problems of China's agriculture, countryside and farmer (Hereafter refers to as"three rural issues"), have become the most difficult and tough issue to be solved because of the prominent contradiction among"money, grain, earth, human and power". The farmer's income problem is also where all cruxes are at. The farmers' income issue, especially farmers planting crops, has become the major block to China's social and economic development as well as grain security and affected economic development, employment and social stability. How to utilize public finance and the agriculture policy financial methods (Hereafter refers to as the dual support) to enlarge the public supplies which takes food security and increase of farmer's income as the main goal (Hereafter refers to as two kinds of goals) through a series of institutional arrangement and to promote the coordinated operation of the dual support method now have become a theoretically and realistically significant problem. Therefore, I attempt to summary, screen, select and refine the general rules that are helpful in realizing the dual goals and in proposing approaches for the contradictory institution framework using dual support methods to solve China's food security and the income increase of farmers under the background of multi-discipline, wide domain and internationalization in order to provide instruction for harmonious governance and development of agriculture.This essay is based on the use of the main categories of cross-disciplinary research methods and has a full possession, digestion and absorption of international and domestic research results. In order to discover the most effective support for the dual role of this field, this paper takes finding the impact of the dual goals of the major variables as the starting point. The use of empirical research method and the establishment of a number of analysis models are to inspect the intensity and validity of the supporting way. The essay takes a combination of theoretical and practical methods developing a research process from practice - theory - building a new theory– instructive practice. Taking the methods of system analysis, structural analysis and comparative analysis, this paper studies what may be used to support the double policies and portfolio policies from a macro-level. Therefore, this article will study the framework of physical arrangement for the three levels. The first level is for the basic research, that is the basis and background of this article, including the theory guidance of the research and the connotation, the conflict and the coordination of the two goals; the second level is for the substance of the essay, it includes a comprehensive answer of the two supports to achieve the dual goals and the specific methods, which is the inevitable result of the basic research; the third level is for the summary, which mainly illustrates coordination of the dual support mode through a more macro way.The major point and the conclusion of this article are as follows:I Complete national food security strategy is divided into food security system and conventional food safety system which are throughout the entire process of research. Based on the natural and technical attributes of food production, food production safety will be known as the food security strategy (the basis of security); based on the socio-economic attributes, food circulation and consumption of food safety are collectively referred to as conventional food security (security sub). This introduction of the concept of food security will help to answer how to understand the position of China's grain production in agricultural development and how to deal with the potential of secure food supply and the guarantee of secure food. On this basis, this essay, comes up with the basic restricted area for food security that we need to stick close to in the medium term and assesses the strategy for food security by the example of arable land and the basic conclusion is that over the next 10 years, it is not possible to hold the bottom line of 18 million mu cultivated land in China, the food supply will become normally tight, so it is needed to take the initiative to adjust the conventional food security policies, to implement the controllable-tight-supply-balance strategy. These views and findings have great significance on the adjustment and calibration of the dual support policy.II The balanced analysis of income growth for farmers showed that the income of the farmers is decided by the agricultural wage rate, the rate of non-agricultural wage employment and the proportion of non-farm employment. In theory, the increase of the income of the farmers has two special cases, one depends entirely on non-agricultural wage increase, so the issues of the income of the farmers develop into non-agricultural employment issues; Second, the chance of non-agricultural employment is zero, that is to say, the increase of food and crop is totally dependent on the rate of wage growth of farmers. Under the conditions of shortage of food supply, adding food supply can increase income for farmers; while under excess supply conditions, adding food supply will make the revenue of famers absolutely declines. The reality of the normal situation is the mixture of farmers industry, which production function performances for their stable own-used grain production and the collection of commercial production based on the purpose of increasing income. The quantitative analysis of relevant factors on the revenue of Farmers (factor analysis model) shows that the factors that affect the revenue of Farmers of is sorted as follows. The material inputs of farmers > Government's rural production and living facility inputs> agricultural prices and market activity> Government attaches importance to the extent and the level of direct subsidies> the medical, health, culture and education spending and the extent of the tax burden of famers> agro-meteorological situation. These conclusions supply the empirical basis to the dual policy of support for the priorities.III The essay reveals the sharp conflict between the goal of food security and the goal of income increase of farmers. Under normal circumstances, only strategic food security has a close relationship with the income of the farmers while the regular food security is not directly associated with the income of the farmers systematically. The food security goal would inhibit the realization of the income increase of farmers'goal, under the rigid constraints, to maximize the income increase of farmers limit is to maintain the basic balance of tension supply. As a result, in order to achieve the goal of increasing Farmers, we must study separately support measures of the farmers' income arise other than the food security objectives and policies, which requires research to support their dual independent support and coordination in the field.IV For the first time, the two-goal-oriented public financial support is broken down into separate two different areas of support: the single goal of aiming to food security separately and aiming to farmers increase separately; and two goals at the same time are taken into account. And they design different public goods based on different functions. Both are useful to clarify the theory of the border for making the relevant public policy in the future, helpful to improve the efficiency of the institutional arrangements, also helpful to the Government to fully understand the positive and negative effects of the policy unit and priorities, and optimize the combination of policies to improve the level and ability. For example, to propose to reform the current system of direct subsidies to farmers and the lowest price protection system, carry out Farmers comprehensive direct subsidies aimed at the strategic objectives of food security, and support the implementation of the national goal of grain price protection system; aim at the conventional food security objectives, and establish Food security reserve system which is adapt to the tight balance and includes the national strategic reserve, local emergency reserve and buffer stock market; aim at the targets in the Farmers for Farmers and carry out land revenue thickening project, establish the expansion of domestic demand in rural-based Farmers separate income subsidy system, speed up the establishment of social security in rural areas having fair value at the core; take into account the twin goals of the need to support grain production bases and to support grain production, mechanization and industrialization of food, and accelerate the development of a new type of rural cooperative economic organizations.V Two kinds of goal guidance's rural finance system must be take the national public finance as the induction, the agricultural policy-type finance as the leadership, the commercial character finance as the support, the agriculture, society guarantees, policy-types medical service safety and folks and the local finance as the supplement, Establishes the big rural finance institution. The finance institution of policy-type agricultural must be strengthen support the agriculture, and hold the agricultural function of direction, Under the public finance's coordination, we should distinguish the different functions of the two goals, carry on the direct support and the induction support according to the types, provide the urgently needed, effective, and the practical public financial productions massively, promote the market and hatching the economical function,In order to guarantee the food security and raise the famers' income provides or bringing the"newly receives of the inward flow". In the near future, The first domain area of the agriculture policy-type financial supporting should be the agricultural product realizations and farmer's grain,food security reserve system,irrigation and water conservancy projects, the construction project of Food production base and the industrialization of food; The focus areas of long-term support are Rural infrastructure,Poverty alleviation and development,Comprehensive management of agriculture,Agro-ecological construction,The construction of small towns and Business enterprises in rural areas and so on.VI Strengthen the coordination and cooperation of the two goal-oriented Dual-mode support, set science priorities which support a double set for various kinds of public goods. Recently, we should focus on setting up the blood-based mechanism to achieve the twin goals. Accordingly, on means of support, public finance has the priority. Agriculture policy finance of play the role of support with the induction and cooperation of public finance, focus on solving the supply of critical public goods, cultivate necessary condition that mixed capital and private capital supply quasi-public goods. In the medium and long term, we should focus on establishing mechanisms for blood-based. Accordingly, on means of support, agricultural policy priority is the leading financial and the Public Finance is the implicit support, and induced a strong mixed-capital and private capital and diversified to provide quasi-public goods or club.VII The public goods' supply of two goals supporting need effective security systems supplied by Public policy, so, the equitable distribution of social values,reasonable grasp the scope of intervention,science choice of policy instruments and strongly promote institutional change are the main demands of the Public policy, and from the vertical, horizontal and three aspects of the process of strengthening the coordination of construction.