Study On Pricing Strategy For Enterprises Of Ecological Industry Chain

More and more resources and energy were exploited from earth by traditional production mode. Lots of wastes and pollution were discharged to environment in the process of production and consumption. While improving productivity, social environment and ecological environment have also paid gigantic price. Ecological industry chain is industry chain or network which is composed of many industries with ecological dependency relationship. The byproducts of a plant are the raw materials of another plant. A closed-loop system is formed by this kind of material flow. We called it ecological industry chain. Ecological industry chain provides a new approach for environment protection, efficient usage of resource, and sustainable development. More and more researchers have studied the ecological industry chain recently. However, most of researchers focus on the design of ecological industry chain, performance indicator, and management or plan of the ecological industry park. Many problems and risks in the running stage of ecological industry chain, for instance, conflict of private interests and objectives among members, have been neglected. Management science, computer science and sociology and game theory were used to study ecological industry chain.It studies structures and price mechanism of ecological industry chain. It studies relationships between structures and price mech anism of ecological industry chain. It referred supply chain product pricing theory, several influence factors, such as byproduct production cost, main product quantity, supply and demand relation between upstream enterprise and downstream enterprise, role of business in ecological industry chain and different stage in cooperation relationship, were analyzed, it discussed price mechanism from macroscopic and microcosmic level, formed pricing theory system of ecological industry chain.It studies pricing model of one leader and one follower under complete information. In ecological industry chain, manufacturer produces main product and certain proportion byproduct, the byproduct can be sold to downstream enterprise as materials. Proposed cooperated pricing of main product and byproduct which linked by production proportion. According to business number, business pricing sequence and other factors, Constructed four game pricing models: Manufacturer Stackelberg model, main product buyer- manufacturer- byproduct buyer Stackelberg model, Buyer-Stackelberg model, Alliance of mainproduct buyer and byproduct buyer stackelberg model. Under the obtained solutions can not satisfy constraint, used pricing-cutting and production quantity cutting strategies, obtained equilibrium satisfied constraint.It studies pricing model of one leader and multi-follower under complete information. To pricing problem of main product and byproduct having multi-buyers, defined Nash equilibrium. According to same byproduct buyers being in the same market and price discriminating or not, differentiates pricing problem of one leader and multi-follower into four kinds of pricing problems, it studies game pricing models and constraint conditions for every kinds of problems. Genetic algorithm was used to resolve the problem. Models and method were proved validity by computational instances, analyzed effects on profit of parameter change, it provided method for pricing problem of one leader and multi-follower under complete information.It studies pricing model of one leader and one follower under incomplete information. According to manifestation principle, pricing model and incentive compatibility constraint and individual rationality constraint were constructed to realize information share. Price results of one leader and one follower were obtained by analyzing constraint conditions and iterative transformation, then analyzed effects on profit of parameter change.It studies pricing model of one leader and multi-follower under incomplete information. The general static Bayesian game model and dynamic Bayesian game model when manufacturer is leader were established. Through probability combination, it splits the two problems into multiple subproblems and resolves. Computational instances shows, players in the game can adjust their own strategy in dynamic game.