| Nowadays , in the trend of the world economy of information, integration, globalization, energy sources has not only been an economy problem, but also one problem of national basic benefit and security, one of strategy problems that effecting on national sustainable development and stability, it is significant for global and it influences on every details of common life. Petroleum and natural gas, as un-renewable and the most important resources, play a very important role in the world. Because of rarity, monopolization and disproportion in distribution and consumption, they have been becoming susceptive problems of politics, military affairs, economy and diplomat for every country since early 20th century and have been noticed as one of focus issues by all over the world.Central Asia is a mingled zone of east and west civilization in history and nowadays,as a bridge of east and west , it has been playing an important role. In ancient Central Asia was a very important area of connecting Europe and Asia, was strategic passage of"Silk Road", so different influences, such as politics, military, culture, trade, religion etc. interweaved here. Today because five countries in Central Asia were independent in succession and persistent rising of the petroleum and natural gas which has founded, political Groups and economic groups are looking at Central Asia as"New Continent", in short time Central Asia becomes the focus of the world. For controlling Central Asia Caspian sea area, various strengths such as political economy, military affairs , culture is got involved in unceasingly, whose purpose is to be able to control Central Asia on politics , can affect Central Asia on economy , can seep through Central Asia on culture , can control Central Asia , aspect having formed game Central Asia area in world range.After independence, every country in Central Asia hopes to realize the economic independence and economic growth, adopted "development on resource " strategy, has worked out the corresponding the sources of energy tactics and plan, get support from competition of world power countries for energy in Central Asia, got economic and politics benefit, mainly cooperates with different countries in the field of petroleum and gas to accelerate economic development, improves the status in the world and has got certain achievement.China not only is a big energy producing country, but also is a big energy consumption country, at the same time, China is a deficient countries of the sources of energy, because that China energy distribution is uneven, the exploration is difficult, the energy quality is low, the high quality energy lacks, the energy reserves structure and the consumption pattern are unreasonable, consumption is not efficient, these factors cause China to be at the energy deficient condition for a long period. Along with the China economy development, the petroleum degree of dependency enhances year by year, world oil price goes up quickly, the most imported oil of our country comes from the Mideast where is not stable, the transport channel is low security, and China almost has no influence to international petroleum price, all these factors threat to China energy security. Therefore, the safeguard energy security has become one of Chinese strategy important contents, to positively develop the international energy market is one important way which solves problem of energy short of China.Central Asia countries are neighbors of China, no matter from the view of economy, politics, culture and religion , or from the view of geography, production cost and multivariate import etc., Central Asia with rich-oil & gas resource will turn into one of the bases of China potential supply energy, and as focal point for our country exploiting abroad energy market. Especially Central Asia is the intermediate zone which is links two big sources of energy of the world supply field -- Middle East and Russia , if we open the marketplace sources of energy of Central Asia , that's mean we approach the world energy base and China has possibility to change world sources of energy supplying pattern .So, researching energy sources situation of Central Asia and energy policy of power countries in Central Asia are significant to energy sources policy of China. It can greatly promote western area of China to develop, even accelerate economic development of China.The Northwest region of China is a important base of energy and base of the chemical industry, According to the needs of country development and"West Development", this paper put forward to build the Central Asia-China northwest passage of energy which realize China strategy to the Central Asia-China. This passage is not only a important part of energy security system for China, the key way to deep into measure"West Development"and to promote area coordinated growth's, but also the strategy choice to cultivate new points of economic growth and to create the new space for Chinese economic growth. This passage also is the best way to open to the Central Asia and to accelerate the development of Northwest region, to improve the people living standard and to keep long-term stability. It not only has economy significance, but also has politics significance.China must exert the advantages in geography and economy, on the foundation on knowing plenty and using the energy sources policy of Central Asia to make our energy sources policy in Central Asia, so that realize multivariate import energy policy and ensure energy sources security for China. Under the guidance of great western development strategy China should use of the geographical advantage and cultural advantages to construct the Central Asia--China great energy thoroughfare, realize the function of energy substitute area and energy channel of China, and relieve energy shortage of China. |
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