Study On The Models Of The Socialism New Rural Reonstruction In China

There are two ways and no integrate system formed for studing rural development. One is to summarize the typical villages, and the other is to discuss by the angle of socilology and economics. But the two ways can not be uniform in logic. The study of rural development is lack of sublime and summarizaion based on typical samples exist. The paper combined the practice and theory, then some conclusions for rural developing rule were made.The development of rural areas can be mainly divided into three phases: the grain-making phase, marketing phase and the reconstruction phase. The paper analyzed the typical samples in different phases based on product flowing and farmers'welfare. In the first phase, country obtained the original capital accumulation by distilling the rural surplus. The product can not flow freely in China and the development of rural areas depanded on low price labors and soil fathering to increase agricultural production. As far as the public goods, the government offered low-level education, cooperative medical system. The second phase, centrally planned economy was coming to the market system and production factors were still flowing into city from rural areas. With the implementation of a market-oriented reforms in the supply of public goods, the income and burden of farmers evidently increased. The third phase, new rural reconstruction was to build a human-oriented harmonious society. The re-feeding rural areas and agriculture made the factors of porductions flow into rural areas and increase their level of welfare. Government gradually pushed forward the social security system reform by increasing the provision of public goods and fundamentally reducing the burden on farmers.The foreign experience of the construction of new countryside in China provided a useful reference. New Village Movement in Southern Korea carried forward the spirit of self-reliance of farmers to ensure that the implementation of the project were planned to be promoted. Japan's rural development in urban and rural areas mainly benefit from a unified national social security bodies and the establishment of a unified social security system to remove the worries of farmers. England rural development and urban development was carried out simultaneously, with relatively complete legal system to protect workers and agricultural protection systems. Rural development in the United States was carried out with the industrialization, no difference between urban and rural areas in the United States and a complete legal system of agriculture ensured rural development.At last, the author summarized and analyzed the modes of the rural development. Only standing human-oriented position to study rural development, we can resolve the issue of rural development in China. The welfare structure and different public goods supply modes were partitioned. Based on human-oriented, balance of fairness and efficiency, sustainable development and the provision of public goods as the criterias for the development of China's rural areas, three new rural development modes were proposed including the mode of government support, the village pattern of structural change and the mode of expansion of villages and towns. The mode of government support included the relocation and reconstruction of the collective, the direct investment of the government and the government's investment in collective three modes, the mode of village-structure changes included strong collective, the collective fund, the village company-running, private purchase and merger of the five development modes, the mode of village expansion contains the collective welfare expansion and the expansion of collective capital.