Research On The Land Usage Efficiency In The Chinese Urbanization Process

Land is the material basis of human survival and development. The quantity, the quality and composition state of land resources affect the economic, the political strength and the development of a country or a region very much. Over the last 20 years, as population growth and economic development, the contradiction between Chinese people and Chinese land becomes acute. Population and industry congregate to urban continually. Some activities such as office and commerce mass in the cities. The usage scale of urban land increases fleetly. The usage efficient of urban land is very low in the same time. The configuration of land usage is unreasonable. All of this induces the overly wasting of land resources which hamper the development of Chinese social and economic.Urbanization is the increase in urban number in zone space and enlarges in the urban scale which reduces by the development of social productivity in the process of industrialization. The population masses to city. The transformation of urban basal establishment and living standard of material and cultural have been constantly improved. Part of agricultural land becomes urban land gradually. The connotation of urbanization embodies in the development and grandness of the cities and the process of population from the country which is dispersive comes to city which is concentrated.It includes the urban population increase and the rural population decreases in the same tine. The urban population percentage in the total population of nation expands continually. The urban number rises and the urban scale enlarge, so the urban quality improves continually. The urban economic relation and production mode was gain ground and extended. The urban production mode and live mode were realized urbanization gradually.Compared to the urbanization of other countries in the world, Chinese urbanization has its own characteristics. The level of urbanization in China lags the level of industrialization. Urbanization structural is imbalances. The development of urban land was in the mode of flat central expansion trend basically. The comprehensive development of connotation and solid were ignored. The increase of urban built area faster than the increase of its population in the same time, and the growth rate is still accelerating. It makes the utilization percentage of built-up areas of land decrease. So it's an important task to allocate the land resources rationally between urban and rural areas, in the city, insure the durative usage of land resources. Although the importance of improve the efficiency of land usage was realized, there are still many problems, its follow:(1) The increase area fasts than the increase of urban population, and the growth trend is accelerating.(2) The structure and layout of urban land usage is irrational.(3) The concentrate level of urban land usage is low.(4) The expansion of the urban area is great arbitrariness and it lacks necessary restrict. It is very obvious in the executive system of urban and rural integration. The extensive from the city to the suburbs make large number of vegetable farmland disappeared.(5) The urban land management mechanism is imperfect. Urban land in stock idle seriously.It is very important to research the efficiency of land usage in the process of Chinese rapid development in the urbanization. The significances are following:(1) Efficient utilization of urban land resources must take into account greatly in the process of urbanization.(2) It will promote the optimizing production layout and the adjustment of industrial structure.(3) The high efficient usage of land resources is the ultimate goal of urbanization.(4) Urbanization is the only way of efficient usage of land resources.The efficiency of urban land usage in the process of urbanization was researched in the paper. The research includes two aspects. The research of one aspect is the management system of land usage. The research on the other aspect is the number of evaluation methods of land usage.The main contents of the paper are as follows.The actuality of national and abroad of the related study is introduced in the first chapter. The evaluation index system of the urban land efficiency usage from the perspective of quantitative evaluation was built in chapter II. The integrated measure index system which includes the benefits of social, economic and environmental was introduced. The detailed steps for comprehensive evaluation of urban land efficiency usage by the ways of Delphi and AHP was set up.The land usage efficiency in the Chinese urbanization process was researched in Chapter III. The uniqueness of Chinese urbanization process and the relation between urbanization and land usage were analyzed in first. Then the usage mechanism and efficiently of urban land resources were researched. The exist problems of land resources usage in the Chinese urbanization process were pointed out. And all of these problems were analyzed.The systems of urban land usage in developed countries and regions in the process of urbanization were compared and referenced in the fourth chapter. The experiences of the urban land usage system in the process urbanization of developed countries such as United States, Japan and Europe were compared and analyzed in the chapter. Its include the control model of urban land supply, land market regulation mechanism, land usage planning system, land usage and layout system and land benefit distribution system which can be use for reference by China.The policies of high efficiency usage of land resource in the process of Chinese urbanization were researched in chapter V. The successful abroad experiences on land management system were used for reference. According the actuality of Chinese social system and economical development, the instructional exercisable advice of optimized configure Chinese urban land resources were tabled from the problems of the control model of urban land supply, urban land usage planning system, land property right system, land benefit distribution system and land tax collection system.The main innovations in this paper are:(1) The evaluation index system of land usage efficiency which includes the benefits of social, economic and environmental was set up. And the methods and steps of land usage evaluation which integrate the ways of Delphi and AHP were pointed out.(2) The successful experiences of developed countries on urban land usage management were compared and analyzed from the problems of the control model of land supply, urban land usage planning system, land property right system, land market system, land benefit distribution system and etc. And the valuable experiences were pointed out.(3) The status and efficiency of Chinese urban land usage in the process of urbanization were researched. The existed problems were pointed out. And the corresponding policies and measures were indicated according to the deeply analyzing the cause of these problems. The instructional policy advice were pointed out according to the problems of the control model of land supply and repertory, urban land usage planning, land property right system, land market, land benefit distribution system and etc.Although the evaluation index system and method of land usage efficiency were set up, but because of fall short of the time and acquired data, the deep actual research is required.