The Philosophical Basis Of Marx's Critique Of Political Economy And Its Contemporary Significance

Marx began to criticize the political economy from the economical and philosophical writings in 1848. From the premise of national economy and the economical fact in capital society, Marx found the key to open the secret of capitalism, it was to criticize the labor and the private property, to reveal the relation with the capital and industry.Marx described the development and way of movement and internal logic of capitalism through the criticizing of political economy, and found the power of self disintegration from the capitalism development, and the basic shortcomings from capitalism's biggest superiority, and inside found the basic contradictory of capitalism and the revolution factors to make the communism, and presented the potential tendency and the possible appearance of communism, hence made the historical limitation appear itself, and it was the decisive criticize to capitalism. On one side, Marx entered the political economy from the ontological transform, the change of philosophical ontology gave the solid foundation of historical materialism for political economy criticize. Hence, as the model of actual science, the political economy criticize made historical materialism as philosophical basis, "the real man" is the beginning of Marx's theory, and it made the whole political economy criticize break the limitation of modern ideology, and it is on the foot of the living basis of society fact and the society relations and the association exercise. So to make the specifications of the real relations of capital society leave the category and the concept, and to reveal the real relations of capital society is developing and changing in the man's perceptual association. Capital is the perceptual embodiment of private property, and its growing as a society relationship is historical; and its life-force is self reproduction and expands as accumulation of abstract labor.On the other hand, from the research ways, Marx is the student of classical economists of England, and the supporter of economical form and abstract deduction, but in fact Marx is quite different from the classical economists of England, and the major difference is his political economy criticize is realized with dialectics. And in this process, Marx established the scientific methodology, and gave the limitation between the political economy criticize and the economy of capitalism, so the political economy is coming as the real actual science, and the dialectics is becoming the only scientific method to study the historical science and society science. And from this, historical materialism and the scientific method are two faces of the same thing, and it is embodied through the political economy criticize. Marx studied the economy from the society-history, and so revealed the key development's rules, and this made Marx quite different from classical economists of England about the study ways. Marx said, he was to study the production ways and the production relations of capitalism. The Capital's aim is to reveal the rules of capitalism. And so, on the foot of real society, Marx's study ways are more comprehensive and integral, the political economy criticize make the dialectics develop. Marx made the all kinds of relations and the historical process of capitalism reveal itself through his own methods.The dissertation makes the Mark's political economy criticize as its study object, and its aim is to interpret the basis of Marx's political economy criticize theory and its real meaning in modern consumer society. On the whole it reveals the historical materialism base, and is different from the political economics, and tells us the basic difference between Marx and the economists on the philosophical basis and study methods, and step by step tells the "revolutionary dialectics" is the basis of political economy criticize, and gives the difference between Marx and all kinds of economists, and the vulgar economists, so it tells us the high degree of Marx's political economy criticize theory and its power to overturn the old philosophy.The real meaning of political economy criticize in consumer society is to bring the criticize of capitalism into the tradition of historical materialism, and through the reveal of capitalism society relations to open the society itself, and asks for a actual science that can interpret itself. So in the consumer society, to transparent the meaning of Mark's political economy criticize theory, and to reveal the clue of relating the Marxism's political economics with structuralism and the meaning and the shortcomings of criticizing the consumer society; and step by step to reveal Marx's commodity worship theory's relation with modern consumer society and its meaning. But to realize its goal, we should to reinterpret the basis and philosophical basis of political economy criticize in the situation of historical materialism.