Actions And Institutional Practice

China has achieved a lot in 30 years' social tranforms and institutional changes, however, the phenomenon that practical results deviate from formal express of institutuons is existing. Incident regularly happens in small coal mines is one of the cases. Chinese governments have made many formal insitutions concerning security production in small coal mines, but produced little effect. Therefore, research trying to disclose deep roots behind the phenomenon has become badly needed. Economicsts emphasize calculation of intersests based on the costs and benefits, law researchers pay more attention to deficiency of institution, while sociologists focus on effects of informal institutions. Obviously, reasons of the deviation between regulaitons and results can not be found if only one of those views is considered. Therefore, in order to explore reasons, behavior logic in the insitutional practice must be found by taking formal and informal institutions and interest incentives into consideration.Thus, in order to explore deep roots of deviation, this disseration starts the research with observing the process of institutions of reorganizing and closing small coal mines being carried out in a city of F in the North-east China, takes Bourdieu's theory of practical sociology as the analytical framework, uses some concepts of fields, habits and capitals as research tools, studies institutional practice in small coal mine field and thus to dynamically analyze agents' strategic choices and capital uses in small coal mine fields to find the logic of action in institutional practice to answer why does express of insitituions deviate from practical results exist.Firstly, the disseratation summarizes national institutions on regulating small coal mines and institutional targets of 2005-2008 new round of reorganizing and closing small coal mines. Some informal institutions taking effects in small coal mines in city F are also exporated. And then the disseration portraits social spaces of insitiutional practice, i.e. small coal mines in city F, and analyzes agents' relation structures, habitus and capitals. Based on that, dissertation makes analysis on agnets' capital uses and strategies choices in institutional practice, explains the formation of regional orders from interactions of agents' strategies and shows the effects of regional orders on reproduction of formal and informal institutios reversly.As research shows, first, formal institutions are not the actural rules in the social sub-field, but the external forces from state meta-field to promote institutional changes and exert national control powers; informal institutions are actural rules in sub-field, having effects on institutional practice through regulating agents' relation structure and constructing their habitus.Second, institutions are not carried out practically not bureaucratcially from the top to the bottom. Institutional practice, promoted by different agents' habitus, is a process of redeploying capitals and choosing strategies motivated to realize respective interests in a structure of a certain field under external pressure from power field.Third, interactions between agent's strategies become into an impermanent order in the field, state meta-field also reproduce formal institutions according to regional orders in in the field of small coal mines to adjust strategic choices of agents in the social fields till the games rules could satisfy meta-field are finally forms. The new rules are accepted, studied and taken in, informal insitutions and habitus could be reproduced. Agents take in the future institutuional practice using the new habitus.T his logic of action indicates that agents do not behave completely according to formal institutions. Formal institutions are not automatically carried out from the top to the bottom but through agents' practice. Therefore it is in regularity to have deviation of actual results from formal institutional express. Institutuion is both a rule of controling agents and the result of contention and compromise between them. Therefore, relations between institutions and actions is that of being controled and constructed.