A Study On The Theory And Practice Of Transfer For GSSL

Good institution redounds to solve the problem of polarization between the rich and the poor, at least it will not make things go to the bad. Institution refers to the way of collocating resources, and the stronger group that have the power of distributing resources are inclined to control the direction of the flowing of the resources, which will make the weaker group become much more weaker. This instance takes place not only between groups in the same country, but also between governments of different level. In this sense, The Transfer for Government-subsidized students loan (Transfer-for-GSSL) can't be regard only as a technique to solve the problem of the scarcity of higher education fiscal resource, it should also be understood as humanitarianism from the perspective of value, and more, the institution innovation that will be needed by the continuable development of higher education in China. The emphasis of my study is to demonstrate the impossibility, feasibility, and maneuverability of transfer-for-GSSL under the public fiscal. From the perspective of the public fiscal theory, the phenomenon of "market failure", bring on the big gap between the institution result and the anticipation. But the transfer can regulate the interest relationship between different subjects, and it also can get over the phenomenon of "market failure". From the view of human resource theory, the cumulative and the aggregative effects that the investment of human resource has result in the phenomenon of "profit flow-out". From the perspective of institution transformation theory, the "path dependence" characteristic of GSSL is likely to induce the long term existence of the low-effect institution, because, though equilibrium is low-effect or none-effect, the cost is very high if we give up it, so as we can't reach the Pareto optimality institution transformation. In order to transcend "path dependence", the government should do the basis establishment of GSSL that is to say the central government should transfer to the local government, in order to avoid the crisis of the local fiscal. I think, GSSL is transacted by commercial bank, and keeps to ordinary market interest rate, and its operating and financing risk is assumed by the commercial bank。On the condition of market economy, what provincial governments have done for the GSSL goes beyond what they can do, so the central government should transfer in the public fiscal framework. Furthermore, I do the comparison between different countries, using the index of inner income rate, finally I find GSSL can get interest, but we have to improve the loan program. We can cancel the compensating part paid by universities and colleges, and the central government should help some poor provinces to pay for the money. Through 20 years public fiscal establishment, our central government can afford the money for the GSSL, so GSSL is and possible and feasible. The key of the Transfer-for-GSSL is designing a scientific, normative and open program, which can make the limit higher education fiscal resource exert effectively. From the view of property rights and institution design, we should set the distributing and receiving subjects of Transfer-for-GSSL. The central governments can be the distributing subject, and provincial government the receiving subject. The money that the provincial government receives is both subsidiary and compensatory, but we emphasize the compensatory aspect. From the perspective of the relationship between obligation and right, transfer can be regarded as a coordinating instrument of interest relationship between governments of different level. If we introduce special subsidy in the GSSL, it is more effective than other ordinary transferring modes. On the basis of studies, I put forward the model of Transfer-for-GSSL, furthermore, I put the data of 2004 in this model, and count the money that every province should be given by the central government. It is not only determined by the scientific, reseaonable, and praciticable design, but also determined by the policy circumstance that fits for the operation of the design, which determines the success of Transfer-for-GSSL. In order to operate the program of Transfer-for-GSSL smoothly, it is necessary to establish favorable operating mechanism for the policy in such aspects as financial policies and educational policies.